Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 2

Transport system 3

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term
  3. Senior Secondary 2
  4. Transport system 3

TERM – 1ST TERM

WEEK FOUR

Class: Senior Secondary School 2

Age: 16 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: Biology

Topic: TRANSPORT SYSTEM 3

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Describe the mechanism of transport in simple organisms
  2. Describe the mechanism of transport in multi cellular organisms.

iii. Discuss transport system in higher plants and animals.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher discusses the mechanism of transport in simple organisms

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher explain the mechanism of transport in multi cellular organisms

Students pay

attention and

participate

 

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATIO

N

Teacher discusses the transport system in higher plants and animals.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

 

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Transport system in simple organisms

In simple organisms, transport mechanisms are often fundamental and directly tied to the exchange of substances with their environment. For example:

  1. Diffusion: Simple organisms, like bacteria and some protists, primarily rely on diffusion. This is the movement of molecules from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration. Substances such as gases, nutrients, and waste products move directly across the cell membrane.
  2. Osmosis: This is a specific type of diffusion involving water molecules. Water moves across the cell membrane to equalize concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell. This is crucial for maintaining proper internal conditions.
  3. Active Transport: Though less common in simple organisms, some may employ active transport. This process requires energy and moves substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration. This is often facilitated by proteins in the cell membrane.

Transport system in Multicellular organisms

Multicellular organisms have more complex transport systems to efficiently distribute essential substances throughout their bodies. The main components of these systems include:

  1. Circulatory System: In more advanced multicellular organisms, such as humans and other animals, a circulatory system is present. This system consists of a pump (heart), a network of vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and a circulating fluid (blood). Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from cells, ensuring a coordinated and rapid distribution of substances throughout the body.
  2. Respiratory System: Specialized structures for gas exchange, such as lungs in humans or gills in fish, enable the uptake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide. The respiratory system works in tandem with the circulatory system to transport gases between the organism and its environment.
  3. Digestive System: In multicellular organisms, a digestive system is responsible for breaking down complex food molecules into simpler nutrients. These nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to cells for energy, growth, and repair.
  4. Excretory System: Waste products generated by cellular metabolism are removed by the excretory system. Organs like the kidneys filter blood, removing excess waste and maintaining a balance of ions and water in the body.

Transport system in higher plants and animals

Transport System in Higher Plants

  1. Vascular Tissues: Higher plants have specialized vascular tissues - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem transports sugars produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
  2. Root System: Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. The root hairs increase the surface area for absorption. This water and mineral uptake is facilitated by osmosis and active transport.
  3. Transpiration: Water is also transported through transpiration, the loss of water vapor from the stomata in leaves. This creates a negative pressure that pulls water up through the xylem.

Transport System in Higher Animals

Higher animals typically have a well-developed circulatory system, including a heart to pump blood, blood vessels for transportation, and blood to carry nutrients and oxygen. Respiratory systems facilitate gas exchange, while the nervous system coordinates movements and responses. In addition, specialized organs like kidneys and the digestive system play roles in waste elimination and nutrient absorption, contributing to an efficient transport system.

EVALUATION: 1. Discuss the mechanism of transport in simple organisms

  1. What is diffusion
  2. What are the components necessary for transport in higher plants

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively