TERM – 3^RD TERM

WEEK EIGHT

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: CLOTHING AND TEXTILE

Topic: STAIN REMOVERS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define stain removing agents

II.) Identify stain removing agents

III.) State specific stain removing methods for stains

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher explains the meaning of stain removing agents and identify the common ones.	Students listens attentively to the teacher
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher give and explain specific stain removing methods for various stains	Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement
STEP 3 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

NOTE

STAIN REMOVERS

Stain removing agents

Stain removing agents are substances or products specifically designed to break down and remove various types of stains from fabrics and surfaces.

Common Stain Removing Agents

The following are some common stain-removing agents:

Water: Water is the most basic stain remover. It helps dilute stains and can be used to rinse away debris and dirt from fabric.
Soap or Detergent: Soap or detergent helps to break down and lift stains from fabric fibers. They work by loosening dirt, grease, and oils so they can be easily washed away.
Baking Soda: Baking soda is a mild abrasive that can help scrub away stains and odors. It's particularly effective for removing food and beverage stains.
Vinegar: Vinegar is acidic and can help break down and dissolve stains, especially those caused by alkaline substances like urine or sweat. It's also effective for removing odors.
Hydrogen Peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide is a mild bleaching agent that can help lift and lighten stains, particularly those caused by blood or grass. It's important to spot test it first as it can bleach colored fabrics.
Lemon Juice: Lemon juice contains citric acid, which can help break down stains and brighten fabrics. It's particularly effective for removing rust stains or lightening dingy whites.
Rubbing Alcohol: Rubbing alcohol is effective for removing ink stains. It helps dissolve the ink so it can be blotted away from the fabric.
Cornstarch or Talcum Powder: These powders can help absorb greasy stains like oil or makeup. They're often sprinkled onto the stain and left to sit before being brushed away.

Specific Stain Removal Methods

Stain type	Specific stain removing method
Food Stains	Apply dish soap or detergent directly to the stain, then wash with warm water.
Oil and Grease	Sprinkle baking soda or cornstarch on the stain, let it sit for a few minutes, then brush away before washing with hot water and detergent.
Ink Stains	Blot the stain with a clean cloth soaked in rubbing alcohol, then wash with detergent and cold water
Blood Stains	Soak the stain in cold water, then apply hydrogen peroxide or lemon juice directly to the stain before washing with cold water and detergent.
Mud and Dirt	Let the mud dry completely, then brush off as much as possible before applying a mixture of water and detergent to the stain and washing with warm water
Coffee/Tea Stains	Pour club soda over the stain, blot with a clean cloth, then wash with detergent and warm water

EVALUATION: 1. Define stain removing agents

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively

Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1