Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 1 - Features of a sample electrical circuit

Features of a sample electrical circuit

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TERM: 3RD TERM

WEEK THREE

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: FEATURES OF A SAMPLE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Describe ammeter, voltmeter and ohmmeter

II.) State the procedure for constructing a two-point light control switch

III.) Mention the differences between series and parallel electrical circuits

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning and uses of ammeter, voltmeter and ohmmeter

Students listens attentively to the teacher                                                                          

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher discuss the procedure for constructing a two-point light control switch and describe the  differences between series and parallel electrical circuits

Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

FEATURES OF A SAMPLE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

Ammeter

An ammeter is a device used to measure the electric current flowing through a circuit. It is typically connected in series with the circuit and measures current in amperes.

Uses: It is used to measure the current flowing through a circuit, helping to ensure safe operation and diagnose faults.

Voltmeter

A voltmeter is a device used to measure the electric potential difference between two points in a circuit. It is connected in parallel with the component or section of the circuit where voltage is to be measured and indicates the voltage in volts.

Uses: The voltage is used to measure the voltage across components in a circuit, aiding in assessing the circuit's performance and identifying potential issues.

Ohmmeter

An ohmmeter is a device used to measure electrical resistance in a circuit. It applies a known voltage to the component or section of the circuit and measures the resulting current, then calculates the resistance using Ohm's Law (Resistance = Voltage / Current), typically displaying the resistance in ohms.

Ohmmeter is used to measure the resistance of components in a circuit, assisting in troubleshooting and verifying component values.

Procedure for constructing a two-point light control switch

  1. Identify the two locations where you want to control the light from.
  2. Install a double-pole, double-throw (DPDT) switch at each location. These switches have six terminals.
  3. Connect the power supply (line) to one of the common terminals of each switch.
  4. Connect the light fixture (load) to the other common terminal of each switch.
  5. Connect one of the traveler terminals of the first switch to one of the traveler terminals of the second switch using a traveler wire.
  6. Connect the remaining traveler terminals of the switches with another traveler wire.
  7. Test the switches to ensure they control the light fixture from both locations.

Differences between series and parallel electrical circuits

Aspects

Series electrical circuit

Parallel electrical circuit

Connection of Components

Components are connected sequentially, end-to-end.

Components are connected side-by-side, across common points.

Voltage Across Components

Voltage is divided among components.   

Voltage across components remains the same.       

Current Flow

Same current flows through all components

Current divides among branches; each branch carries its own current.

Total Resistance

Total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.

Total resistance decreases as more branches are added

Brightness of Components (e.g., bulbs)

Bulbs dim as more are added due to voltage drop.    

Bulbs remain equally bright as they each receive full voltage

Resilience to Component Failure

Failure of one component disrupts the entire circuit.

Failure of one component doesn't affect the other branches

 

EVALUATION: 1. State the difference between series electrical circuit and parallel electrical circuit

  1. Identify the uses of the following
  2. Ammeter. II. Voltmeter. III. Ohmmeter

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively