Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary School 1

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  4. Soil acidity and soil profile

Term: 2nd Term

Week: 8

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:    Agriculture

Topic:-       Soil acidity and soil profile

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. States the causes of soil acidity
  2. Describes how to remove soil acidity
  3. Explain soil profile and the horizons of soil profile

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on Soil temperature and soil ph

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She states the causes of soil acidity

She discusses how to remove acidity from the soil

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She explains soil profile and describes the horizons of soil profile

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

CAUSES OF SOIL ACIDITY

  1. Leaching
  2. Use of acid fertilizers
  3. Presence of acid parent materials
  4. Nutrient uptake by plants
  5. Presence of sulphur in the soil

 

REMOVAL OF SOIL ACIDITY

Soil acidity can be removed by the application of liming materials which are rich in calcium. Examples of liming materials are:

  1. Slaked lime Ca(OH)2
  2. Quick lime Cao
  3. Calcium bicarbonate Ca(HCO3)2
  4. Wood ash
  5. Limestone CACO3
  6. Dolonite or Calcite
  7. Basic slay
  8. Gypsum

 

SOIL PROFILE

Soil profile is defined as the vertical section of the soil, showing series of horizontal layers of different types of soil. The horizontal layers are called HORIZONS.

 

HORIZONS OF SOIL PROFILE

  1. The A – Horizon: It is also called the top soil, it is rich in organic materials; most soil organisms reside here.
  2. The B – Horizon: It is rich in minerals which are carried or leached down by percolating water.
  3. Horizon C: It represent the type of material from which top soil and subsoil are derived.
  4. The D – Horizon: It is called the bedrock.

 

EVALUATION:   1. States the causes of soil acidity

  1. Describes how to remove soil acidity
  2. Explain soil profile and the horizons of soil profile

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively