Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 1 - Source of DC supply

Source of DC supply

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK SIX

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: SOURCE OF DC SUPPLY

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.)  Define primary cells

II.) Define secondary cells

III.) Differentiate between primary and secondary cells

IV.) Identify the types of batteries

V.) Identify the methods of connecting batteries

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of primary and secondary cells indicating their differences

Students listens attentively to the teacher                                                                          

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher identify the types of batteries and explain the methods of connecting batteries.

Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

SOURCE OF DC SUPPLY

Primary cells are non-rechargeable batteries that generate electric energy through irreversible chemical reactions. Once their chemical components are depleted, they cannot be recharged and must be discarded.

Secondary cells, on the other hand, are rechargeable batteries. They can be recharged numerous times by applying an external electrical current to reverse the chemical reactions that occur during discharge, allowing them to be reused multiple times.

Features

Primary cells

Secondary cells

Rechargeable

No

Yes

Chemical

Irreversible reaction

Reversible reaction

Lifespan

Single use

Reusable

Capacity

Typically lower

Typically higher

Environmental

 Often disposed after use  

Can be recycled, reducing waste

Examples

Alkaline, zinc-carbon, lithium      

Lead-acid, lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium

Types of batteries

There are various types of batteries, including:

  1. Alkaline batteries
  2. Zinc-carbon batteries
  3. Lithium batteries
  4. Lead-acid batteries
  5. Nickel-cadmium batteries
  6. Nickel-metal hydride batteries

Methods of connection of batteries

Regarding the methods of connection for different types of batteries, there are several ways to connect batteries depending on the desired outcome:

  1. Series Connection: In series connection, the positive terminal of one battery is connected to the negative terminal of the next battery. This increases the total voltage while maintaining the same capacity. It's often used to increase voltage.
  2. Parallel Connection: In parallel connection, the positive terminals of all batteries are connected together and likewise for the negative terminals. This maintains the voltage but increases the total capacity (ampere-hour rating). It's used to increase capacity or runtime.
  3. Series-Parallel Connection: This method combines both series and parallel connections to increase both voltage and capacity. It's a combination of the two methods mentioned above and is often used in applications where both voltage and capacity need to be increased.

EVALUATION: 1. Differentiate between primary and secondary cells

  1. Mention 5 types of batteries that you know
  2. Indicate the methods of connecting batteries

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively