Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Chemical combinations II

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Term: 2nd Term

Week: 2

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:       

Subject:      Chemistry

Topic:-       Chemical combinations II

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. List and explain the types of weak bonds
  2. Discuss the IUPAC system of naming compounds

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on chemical combinations

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

He lists and explains the types of weak bonds

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

He discusses the IUPAC system of naming compounds

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

CHEMICAL COMBINATIONS
1. VAN DER WAAL FORCE OF ATTRACTION is a weak intermolecular force of attraction that exists between gaseous molecules Vander waal force could be polar when the atoms forming the molecule do not have the same electro negativity and the bonding electrons are not equally shared. The bond becomes polar (dipole). Example HCl

Van der waal force could also be non polar when the atoms of the molecule have the same electronegativity value. The electrons are equally shared between the bonding atoms. The molecules formed are called non polar molecules. E.g Cl2, H2,O2

 

  1. HYDROGEN BOND these are strong intermolecular force of attraction that occur between hydrogen and the high electronegative element in the molecules. This force is in addition to the Vander waal force in the molecules

 

Hydrogen Bond imparts the following characteristics to their molecules

  1. High melting and boiling point
  2. High surface tension
  3. Excellent solvent
  4. High latent heat of vapourization

 

Naming simple inorganic Compounds

The IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry is a systematic method of naming inorganic compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)

IUPAC have developed a system by which this is achieved. This involved a set of rules.

Rules for naming organic compounds

  1. By counting, identify the longest possible carbon atom in the given compound called the root or the parent. This will form the last part of its name
  2. Identify all the attaching functional groups to the parent. This is called the branching, which are named according to their order of strength.

Number of carbon atoms

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Prefix name

Met-

Eth-

Prop-

But-

Pent-

Hex-

Hept-

Oct-

Non-

Dec-

 

HOMOLOGOUS SERIES

Note:  Alkyl group R = CnH2n+1 

STRUCTURE OF SOME HOMOLOGOUS SERIES

EVALUATION:    1. Explain

  1. Van Der Waal’s forces
  2. Hydrogen bond

2. What is the full meaning of IUPAC?

  1. State the molecular formular of
  2. alkanes
  3. alkenes
  4. alkynes

3. Draw the structural formular of

  1. propanoic acid
  2. butane
  3. methanol

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively