Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary School 1

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  4. Simple farm tools, uses and maintenance II

Term: 2nd Term

Week: 10

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:    Agriculture

Topic:-       Simple farm tools, uses and maintenance II

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Define simple farm tools
  2. Give examples of farm tools, state their uses and how to maintain them

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on simple farm tools

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She defines simple farm tools

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She gives examples of simple farm tools, states their uses and describes how they can be maintained

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

SIMPLE FARM TOOLS, USES AND MAINTENANCE

  1. Hand Trowel

Hand trowel is a small hand tool consisting of a short metal handle and a scoop – shaped blade. Like the hand fork, it is mainly used in squatting position because of its small size.  The curved metal blade makes it possible for a small ball of earth to be carried with the seedling during transplanting.

 

Functions/Uses

  1. It is used for transplanting seedlings;
  2. For fertilizer or manure application.
  3. It is used for nursery practices or light weeding.
  4. It is used for digging holes for planting.
  5. It is used for sampling soil/mixing soil and fertilizers.

 

Maintenance

  1. Clean or wash and dry after use.
  2. Straighten bent blade.
  3. Sharpen blunt blade
  4. Store in a termite-free area.
  5. Store in a cool, dry place.

 

  1. Rake: Rake consists of a long, wooden handle and a strong metal head with several stout prongs.

 

Functions/Uses

  1. It is used for leveling or spreading soil surface after hoeing.
  2. For removing stones and weeds from seed-beds;
  3. For covering vegetable seeds when they are broadcast;
  4. For breaking up soil lumps into finer particles

 

Maintenance

  1. Clean or remove dirt after use
  2. Store in a dry, cool place
  3. Keep away from termite attack on the wooden handle
  4. Oil metal part.

 

  1. Axe: axe consists of a strong wooden or metal handle onto which a solid, flat and heavy metal blade with a sharpened edge is inserted.  Larger axes as held in both hands when in use.

 

Functions/Uses

  1. It is used for felling trees,
  2. For slicing wood/splitting wood
  3. For cutting wood
  4. For uprooting stumps
  5. For cutting firewood and logs.

 

Maintenance

  1. It should be sharpened regularly
  2. Store in a dry, cool place
  3. Paint, grease or oil metal parts before being put away for a long time
  4. Clean after use
  5. Keep wooden handle from termite attack.

 

  1. Pick Axe or Digger

Pick axe or digger consists of a long wooden handle and a metal head with double blades.  One blade is shaped to form a short and rather narrow hoe while the other side of the head is shaped into a small narrow axe-like blade.

 

Functions/Uses

  1. It is used for the removal of roots of trees, (stumping)
  2. For tilling of very hard soils
  3. For making ridges;
  4. For tilling soil for farm-buildings erection

 

Maintenance

  1. Clean or wash after use
  2. Sharpen blade regularly
  • Keep in cool, dry place
  1. Keep away from rain to avoid rusting
  2. Store in termite free areas.
  3. Paint, grease or oil metal parts.

 

  1. Head pan: is a metal container with small circumference at the bottom but a larger one at the top.  It has two handles which are opposite to each other.

 

Functions/Uses

  1. It is used for the collection of harvested crops.
  2. It is used for transplanting seedlings;
  3. For carrying and mixing manure/fertilizers
  4. For carrying farm inputs and outputs

 

Maintenance

  1. Wash or clean after use
  2. Paint or oil before being stored for a long time
  3. Keep in a cool, dry place
  4. Keep away from rain.

 

  1. Watering Can: This is a metal or plastic can fitted with a spout which has a performed metal sheet called rose, over its mouth.  The rose is removable after use and replaceable when needed.  It also has two handles used for lifting or carrying the can.

 

Function/Uses

  1. It is used for light irrigation, like, application of water to crops during the dry season.
  2. It is used for the application of liquid fertilizers.
  3. Application of water to seedlings in the nursery or vegetable beds.
  4. It is used for watering cement blocks used for constructing farm house.

 

Maintenance

  1. Wash and keep dry or clean after use to prevent rusting.
  2. Store or hang upside down.
  3. Keep the nozzles free from blockages
  4. Store /keep in a cool-dry place.
  5. Rinse with water if used for liquid fertilizers.

 

 EVALUATION: 1. Explain the meaning of simple farm tools

  1. Give examples of farm tools, state their uses and how                              to maintain them

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively