Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1
Particulate nature of matter II
Particulate nature of matter II
Term: 1st Term
Week: 9
Class: Senior Secondary School 1
Age: 15 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each
Date:
Subject: Chemistry
Topic:- Particulate nature of matter II
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to
INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-2
|
PRESENTATION |
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY |
STUDENT’S ACTIVITY |
|
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION |
The teacher reviews the previous lesson on particulate nature of matter |
Students pay attention |
|
STEP 2 EXPLANATION |
He discusses the constituents of atoms
|
Students pay attention and participates |
|
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATION |
Using diagrams, he illustrates the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus |
Students pay attention and participate |
|
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING |
The teacher writes a summarized note on the board |
The students copy the note in their books |
NOTE
PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER
Atom
An atom is the smallest particle of an element which can take part in a chemical reaction. It is the smallest unit of matter that uniquely defines an element
An atom consists of a neutron, a proton and an electron.
The nucleus of an atom lies at its center and consists of protons and neutrons, which are collectively called the nucleons.
Electrons found in a space around the nucleus are known as orbitals.
A neutral atom has equal number of protons and electrons. The positive charge of a proton equals the negative charge of an electron. The charges cancel each other out and the atom is neutral. The volume of the atom is determined by the space that the electrons occupy.
The properties of the three sub atomic particles are as follows
|
|
Particle |
Relative mass |
Relative charge |
Location |
|
|
Proton, p |
1 |
+1 |
Nucleus |
|
|
Neutron, n |
1 |
No charge (0) |
Nucleus |
|
|
Electron, e |
1/1840 (negligible) |
-1 |
Shells/orbitals |
Atomic Structure
Electrons hold the key to almost all chemistry. Protons and neutrons give atoms their mass but electrons make up the outer part and are able to interact with one another. The arrangement of electrons determines the chemical property of the element.
The electrons move round the nucleus in clearly defined regions called shells. Electrons closest to the nucleus have the lowest energy while electrons that are further away from the nucleus have higher energies
An atoms shell can hold 2n2 electrons where n is the electron shell level; represented as K, L, M, N, O
EVALUATION: 1. Define atom
CLASSWORK: As in evaluation
CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively