Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 1 - Series and parallel connection I

TERM: 1^ST TERM

WEEK NINE

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTION I

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. State the applications of series connection
2. State the applications of parallel connection

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

SERIES AND PARALLEL CONNECTION I

Applications of series connection

Series connections have several important applicIations

1. Series connections allow multiple voltage sources to be combined, increasing the overall voltage output. This is crucial in battery packs, where individual cells are connected in series to achieve the desired voltage for various applications like electric vehicles and portable electronics.
2. Series circuits divide the total voltage across multiple components. This is utilized in voltage dividers, such as in potentiometers, where a varying voltage is required for control and measurement purposes.
3. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be connected in series to achieve higher voltages while maintaining the same current. This is common in lighting applications, where multiple LEDs need to be powered from a single source.
4. Series-connected thermistors or other temperature-sensitive devices can be used for precise temperature measurements, where changes in resistance are proportional to temperature variations.
5. Fuses connected in series with electrical devices protect against overcurrent by breaking the circuit when the current exceeds a certain threshold. This helps prevent damage to equipment and electrical fires.

Applications of parallel connection

Parallel connections also have diverse applications:

1. In electrical grids, parallel connections are used to distribute electrical power efficiently. Multiple generators can be connected in parallel to provide electricity to a large area, ensuring reliability and redundancy.
2. Electrical outlets in homes are typically wired in parallel. This configuration allows multiple devices to be powered independently from the same power source without affecting each other's operation.
3. Integrated circuits (ICs) and other electronic components are often connected in parallel on circuit boards. This arrangement enables them to perform different functions simultaneously while sharing the same power supply.
4. Parallel connections offer redundancy in critical systems. For example, in computer networks, data can be transmitted through multiple parallel paths, ensuring that if one path fails, the data can still reach its destination through alternate routes.
5. Multiple batteries can be connected in parallel to increase the total capacity and provide more power for longer durations. This setup is common in backup power systems and electric vehicles.

EVALUATION: 1. State 4 applicIations of series connection

2. State 4 applications of parallel connection

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively