Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Minerals

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Term: 1st Term

Week: 8

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes

Date:       

Subject:      Food and nutrition

Topic:-       Minerals

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Describe Minerals
  2. Give examples of minerals and state their functions in the body

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on vitamins

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She describes minerals

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She gives examples of minerals and states their functions in the body

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

MINERALS

Mineral elements perform a variety of functions like growth and vital metabolic activities. Mineral elements are usually classified into two groups.

  1. Macro elements.
  2. Micro elements.

The macro elements are also called trace elements and they include sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, chlorine, Sculpture and phosphorus while the micro elements are iron, copper, zinc, manganese, iodine, fluorine, cobalt, selenium and chromium.

The macro elements

Calcium (CA): functions development of strong and health teeth.

  • It controls cell activities.
  • It is essential for blood clothing.
  • Transmission of nerve rhythmic hearth beat.
  • Aids normal functioning of the muscle.

Food sources of calcium are; milk and milk water, hard water, sea food, green vegetables, fruits.

MAGNESIUM (Mg): functions; development of bones

  • Regulates muscles contraction.
  • it is responsible for the transmission of nerve

Food sources of magnesium are hard water, sea food and nuts.

PHOSPHORUS (P): functions; development of bones.

  • Maintenance of acid­ – base balance of body fluids.
  • For storage and release of energy.
  • Essential for the reproduction of cells.

Food sources are; green vegetables, egg yolks, sea food, liver, cereals, meat, pulses, lime.

SODIUM (Na): functions; maintenance of cell

  • It aids the secretion of hydro chloric acid in the stomach.

Food sources are; table salt, meat, milk, cheese, egg, sea food, green vegetables, and poultry.

SULPHUR (S): functions; essential for the development of hair and nails and for the formation of connecting tissues.

Food sources of Sulphur are; cabbage, meat, fish, egg and nuts.

POTASSIUM (K) : functions; maintenance of cell membrane permeability.

  • It is involved in electrolyte balance in the body.
  • it is meant for nervous irritability and muscle contraction

Food sources are ; meat, potatoes, banana, peanuts, carrot, orange, grape fruit, butter.

MICRO mineral elements

IRON(Fe) : functions ; essential for the formation of heamoglobin of red blood cell.

Food sources are meat, liver, kidney, green vegetables, legumes, whole cereals.

FLUORINE(F) : functions ;important in the development of strong bones  and healthy teeth.

  • Prevents dental decay.

food sources are ; fluoridation of drinking water and tooth paste.

 

EVALUATION:    1. Define Minerals

  1. Give three examples of minerals and state their functions in the body

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively