Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

TERM – 1^ST TERM

WEEK EIGHT

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: CLOTHING AND TEXTILE

Topic: FABRIC FINISHES: MERCERIZING AND SANFORIZING II

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define mesmerizing and state the benefits

II.) Define sanforizing and state the benefits

III.) Identify the importance of fabrics

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

FABRIC FINISHES: MERCERIZING AND SANFORIZING II

Mercerizing

Mercerizing is a chemical finishing process primarily used for cotton fabrics. It involves treating the fabric with a caustic soda solution under tension, followed by washing and neutralization. This process causes structural changes in the cotton fibers, resulting in several benefits:

1. Mercerized cotton fibers become stronger and more durable, improving the fabric's resistance to wear and tear.
2. The treatment increases the fabric's luster and sheen, giving it a more luxurious appearance.
3. Mercerized cotton has greater dye uptake, resulting in brighter and more vibrant colors. This makes it ideal for dyeing and printing processes.
4. Mercerization reduces the tendency of cotton fabric to shrink during washing and drying, improving dimensional stability.

Sanforizing

Sanforizing is a mechanical finishing process used to pre-shrink cotton and other natural fiber fabrics before they are cut and sewn into garments. The process involves passing the fabric through a series of wet and dry cylinders under tension, followed by steam treatment and drying. This mechanical action compresses the fabric and relaxes the fibers, reducing its tendency to shrink during subsequent laundering. The benefits of sanforizing include:

1. Sanforized fabrics undergo controlled shrinkage during the finishing process, minimizing further shrinkage when the garment is washed by the consumer.
2. Sanforized fabrics maintain their shape and size, ensuring consistent fit and appearance over time.
3. Despite the pre-shrinkage treatment, sanforized fabrics retain a soft and comfortable hand feel, making them pleasant to wear.
4. Sanforized fabrics are easy to care for and require minimal maintenance, as they are less likely to shrink or distort during washing.

Importance of fabric

Fabrics play a crucial role in various aspects of human life, offering a multitude of benefits and serving diverse purposes. The following are some importance of fabrics:

1. Fabrics are the primary materials used in clothing production, providing protection, comfort, and style to individuals. They allow for self-expression, cultural identity, and personal creativity in fashion.
2. Fabrics are used extensively in home furnishings such as curtains, upholstery, bedding, carpets, and rugs.
3. Fabrics serve functional purposes beyond clothing and decor. For instance, technical textiles are used in automotive, aerospace, medical, and industrial applications for their strength, durability, and specialized properties like flame resistance, waterproofing, and insulation.
4. Fabrics are utilized in the production of protective clothing and gear for various industries, including firefighting, military, healthcare, and sports.
5. Fabrics made from natural fibers like cotton, linen, wool, and silk are biodegradable and renewable resources, making them environmentally friendly options compared to synthetic materials.
6. Fabrics carry cultural significance and heritage, reflecting the traditions, customs, and craftsmanship of different communities around the world.

EVALUATION: 1. Differentiate between mesmerizing and sanforizing

2. State 4 benefits of mesmerizing
3. Mention 5 importance of fabric

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively