Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Textile test: Burning

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TERM – 1ST TERM

WEEK FIVE

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: CLOTHING AND TEXTILE

Topic: TEXTILE TEST: BURNING

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define burning test

II.) Identify the components of burning test

III.) Identify the common burning test

IV.) State the importance of burning test

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of burning test and discuss it components

Students listens attentively to the teacher                                                                          

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher identify the common burning test and also discuss the importance of burning test

Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

TEXTILE TEST: BURNING

Burning tests, also known as flammability tests, are conducted to assess the behavior of textile materials when exposed to an open flame or heat source. These tests determine how easily a fabric ignites, how it burns, the rate of flame spread, and the amount of heat and smoke it produces.

Components of Burning Tests in Textile Testing

The components of the burning test typically include:

  1. Test Sample: The textile sample being tested, usually a small piece of fabric or yarn, is required for the burn test.
  2. Ignition Source: A flame source, such as a match or a lighter, is used to ignite the textile sample. The flame should be small and steady to avoid excessive charring or damage to the sample.
  3. Observation Area: A designated area where the burn test is conducted, preferably in a well-ventilated space with minimal air disturbance. A non-combustible surface, such as a metal tray or ceramic tile, is often used to contain the flame and protect the surroundings.
  4. Safety Precautions: Safety measures should be taken to prevent accidents or injuries during the burn test, including wearing protective gloves and eyewear, keeping flammable materials away from the test area, and having a fire extinguisher or water source nearby for emergency use.
  5. Procedure: The textile sample is held with tweezers or a clamp and brought into contact with the flame source. The behavior of the sample during ignition and combustion is observed and recorded.
  6. Characteristics to Observe: characteristics of the burning test are noted, including:

     - Flame Appearance: The color, size, and intensity of the flame produced when the sample is ignited.

     - Flame Duration: The length of time the flame persists after the ignition source is removed.

     - Smell: The odor emitted during burning, which can indicate the presence of certain fibers or additives.

     - Ash Residue: The residue left behind after the sample has burned, which can vary in color, texture, and quantity depending on the fiber type.

  1. Interpretation: Based on the observed characteristics, the type of fiber present in the textile sample can be identified or classified. Different fibers exhibit distinct burning behaviors, allowing for qualitative assessment and comparison.

Common Burning Tests

  1. Vertical Flame Test: The fabric is held vertically and exposed to a flame at the bottom edge. The flame spread, ignition time, and after-flame duration are measured.
  2. 45-Degree Flame Test: The fabric is positioned at a 45-degree angle and exposed to a flame. The flame spread time and after-flame duration are recorded. It is commonly used for testing apparel and home textiles.
  3. Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) Test: Measures the minimum concentration of oxygen needed to sustain combustion of the fabric.
  4. Cone Calorimeter Test: Measures heat release rate, smoke production, and other combustion properties using a cone calorimeter.

Importance of Burning Test

  1. It ensures that textiles meet safety standards for flammability, reducing the risk of fire-related accidents.
  2. It helps manufacturers comply with industry regulations and standards for fire resistance.
  3. It assists in selecting appropriate materials for applications where fire resistance is critical.
  4. It provides insights into the behavior of textiles under fire conditions, aiding in product development and quality control.

EVALUATION: 1. What is burning test?

  1. Mention 4 burning test
  2. Mention 4 importance of burning test.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively