Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Computer hardware and software

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Term: 1st Term

Week: 2

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:      Computer Studies and ICT

Topic:-       Computer hardware and software

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Explain the hardware and its components
  2. Explain the software and its constituents
  3. Outline the characteristics of a computer

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, pictures, Data Processing for senior Secondary Education by Hiit Plc, WAPB Computer Studies for Senior Secondary I by Adekunle et al, On-line Materials.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on the overview of the computer system

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

He explains components of hardware

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

He explains the components of software and the characteristics of a computer

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Hardware These are the physical components of the computer system.

They are the tangible parts that can be seen and touched. There are two

major parts, namely: 

  1. System unit: The system unit is the rectangular casing that houses

(contains) several important components that controls the operation of the

computer system such as the motherboard, CPU (Microprocessor), RAM,

Sound card, video card, CD drive, Floppy disk drive etc. It also provides

interface for connection of the peripherals.

 

  1. Peripherals: These are the devices connected to the system unit for the

purpose of input, output and storage operations. Examples of peripheral

devices are keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printer, Scanner, DVD, CD, USB

flash drive etc.

Software The software is a term used to describe the collection (or set) of

programs that can be run on a computer system. A program is a set of

instructions that tells the computer what to do, when to do it and how to do

  1. There are two types of software, these include:
  2. System software: This software controls the computer hardware and the

internal operations of the computer system. Examples include Windows OS

(Windows XP, Windows ME, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8,

Windows 10), Linux OS(Redhat, Fedora, Ubuntu etc.), MAC OS etc

 

  1. Application software: These are software that enables the user to

perform specific operation or task on the computer. Examples include:

MS Word, WordPad, WordPerfect Used for word processing

MS Excel, Lotus1-2-3, Quattro Pro Used for spreadsheet, calculation and

analysis

Corel draw, Paint, Photoshop, PageMaker, Corel Graphics Used for

graphic works

Front page, Publisher, Dreamweaver, cold fusion For web designing

MS Access, Oracle, Postgre sql, Fox pro, Dbase, Ingress, MySQL For

database management MS outlook, Outlook express, MS exchange,

Sendmail For email management

MS PowerPoint, Impress, Prezi, Harvard Graphics Used for presentation of

seminars and lectures

Maths, MATLAB, SPSS, Mintab Create and edit mathematical

formulae/statistical analysis

Internet explorer, Mozilla firefox chrome, Opera mini, UC browser,

Netscape Navigator, Safari , Mosaic for Internet/Web browsing

 

CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPUTER

  1. Speed: Computer performs its data processing operation at a very high speed. The

speed of the computer is measured in Hertz (Hz).

A computer with speed rating of Mega Hertz (MHz) can perform millions of cycle of

operation per second. 

  1. Accuracy: Computer gives accurate result as long as the correct data is keyed into
  3. Versatility: computer can be used to perform various kinds of task e.g. graphic

design, word processing, web development etc. 

  1. Reliability/Durability: Computers do not get tired like human; they can work

continuously for days and weeks without any error. 

  1. Memory and storage: Computer can store large amount of data and information.

The capacity of the memory/storage device is measured in bytes.

A byte is a group of eight bits. A kilobyte (KB) is 1024 bytes.

A megabyte (MB) is 1,000,024 bytes. 

  1. Programmable: The computer hardware is useless without the· program that

controls it. Thus, all tasks and activities performed by a computer are made possible

by means of a program.  It is electronic in nature

EVALUATION:    1. Explain the hardware and its components

  1. Explain the software and its components
  2. Highlight the characteristics of a computer

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively