Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Fibers and fabric

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TERM – 1ST TERM

WEEK TWO

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: CLOTHING AND TEXTILE

Topic: FIBERS AND FABRIC

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define fiber and identify its types

II.) Define fabric and identify its types

III.) State reasons to care for fabric

IV.) Discuss how to select fabric

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of fibers and fabric and identify the types.

Students listens attentively to the teacher                                                                          

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher discusses the reasons to care for fabric and also identify ways to select a fabric

Students exhibit attentiveness and active engagement

STEP 3

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

FIBERS AND FABRIC

Fiber

Fibers are the basic building blocks of fabrics. They are long, thin strands of material that can be natural or synthetic.

Types of Fibers

  1. Natural Fibers: Natural fibers are fibers that are derived from plants, animals, or minerals and occur in nature without human intervention. These fibers are harvested, processed, and spun into yarns to create textiles. Examples of natural fibers include:

   - Plant-Based: Cotton, linen (from flax), hemp.

   - Animal-Based: Wool (from sheep), silk (from silkworms), cashmere (from goats).

  1. Synthetic Fibers: Synthetic fibers are man-made fibers produced through chemical processes by combining various chemicals and polymers. These fibers are engineered to have specific properties and characteristics tailored to different applications. Unlike natural fibers, which occur in nature, synthetic fibers are manufactured in factories. Examples of synthetic fibers include:

   - Man-Made: Polyester, nylon, acrylic, spandex.

   - Regenerated: Rayon, viscose, bamboo.

Fabrics

Fabrics are materials made by weaving, knitting, crocheting, or bonding fibers together. They are used to make clothes, upholstery, and various other products.

Types of Fabrics

  1. Woven Fabrics: Woven fabric is a type of textile that is created by interlacing two sets of yarns or threads at right angles to each other. This interlacing process forms a stable structure known as the weave.
  2. Knitted Fabrics: Knitted fabric is a type of textile that is created by interlocking loops of yarn, forming a series of connected rows or columns of stitches. Unlike woven fabrics, which are created by interlacing yarns at right angles.
  3. Non-Woven Fabrics: Non-knitted fabric refers to any type of textile material that is not created using a knitting process. Instead of interlocking loops of yarn, non-knitted fabrics are produced through other methods such as weaving, felting, or bonding fibers together. Examples are: felt, bonded etc.

Reasons to Take Care of Fabrics

  1. Proper care extends the life of the fabric, maintaining its appearance and functionality over time.
  2. Regular maintenance helps retain the fabric’s color, texture, and overall look.
  3. Taking care of fabrics reduces the need for frequent replacements, saving money in the long run.
  4. A well-maintained fabrics feel better on the skin and are more comfortable to wear or use.
  5. Proper care removes dirt, stains, and bacteria, ensuring that fabrics remain clean and safe to use.
  6. Prolonging the lifespan of fabrics reduces waste and the environmental impact associated with producing new textiles.

How to Select Fabric

  1. Purpose: Consider what the fabric will be used for (e.g., clothing, upholstery, curtains). Different uses require different characteristics.
  2. Durability: For high-use items like upholstery or workwear, choose fabrics known for their durability.
  3. Comfort: For clothing, prioritize fabrics that are comfortable against the skin, breathable, and suitable for the climate.
  4. Care Requirements: Select fabrics that fit your willingness and ability to care for them (e.g., machine washable vs. dry clean only).
  5. Appearance: Choose fabrics that fit your aesthetic preferences in terms of color, pattern, and texture.

 

EVALUATION: 1.  Define fiber and mention the types.

  1. Enumerate 4 reasons to care for fabric
  2. State 5 factors to consider when selecting a fabric

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively