Basic Electricity - Senior Secondary 1 - Project and practical work

TERM: 1^ST TERM

WEEK TWELVE

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC ELECTRICITY

Topic: PROJECT AND PRACTICAL WORK

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the practical session, pupils should be able to

I.) Wire three points of light with two points connected in series and one point in parallel

II.) Construct a circuit on Vero board or breadboard

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

PROJECT AND PRACTICAL WORK

Project 1: Wiring of a two point of light connected in series and one point in parallel

To wire three points of light with two points connected in series and one point in parallel, teacher should follow the guide:

Tools and Materials:

1. Electrical cables/wires
2. Light fixtures (three)
3. Switches (two for series connection, one for parallel)
4. Wire connectors
5. Electrical tape
6. Screwdriver
7. Wire cutter/stripper

Procedure:

1. Plan the Layout: Decide where you want to place each light fixture and switches. Plan the wiring path from the power source to each light and switch location.
2. Turn off Power: Before starting any work, turn off the power supply to the area where you'll be working. Safety first!
3. Connect Series Lights: Wire the first two light fixtures in series. Connect the live wire (usually black) from the power source to one terminal of the first light fixture. Then, connect a wire from the other terminal of the first light fixture to one terminal of the second light fixture. Ensure connections are secure using wire connectors and tape.
4. Install Switches: Install switches for the series lights. Connect one switch to the live wire going to the first light fixture and the other switch to the wire connecting the first and second light fixtures. Secure connections and mount switches in desired locations.
5. Connect Parallel Light: Wire the third light fixture in parallel with the series lights. Connect a wire from the live wire going to the second light fixture (between the two switches) to the third light fixture. This creates a parallel connection.
6. Install Switch for Parallel Light: Install a switch for the parallel light fixture. Connect it to the live wire going to the third light fixture. Secure connections and mount the switch.
7. Test the Setup: After all wiring is done, turn on the power and test each switch to ensure all lights turn on and off as expected.
8. Secure and Cover: Once everything is working correctly, secure all connections with wire connectors and electrical tape. Cover any exposed wires with wire channels or conduit for safety.

Project 2: Construction of circuit on Vero board or breadboard

To construct a circuit on a Vero board or breadboard, here's what you'll need and how to do it:

Tools and Materials:

1. Vero board or breadboard
2. Electronic components (resistors, capacitors, LEDs, transistors, etc.)
3. Jumper wires
4. Wire cutter/stripper
5. Soldering iron and solder (for Vero board)
6. Components datasheets (for reference)
7. Multimeter (optional, for testing)

Procedure:

1. Plan Your Circuit: Decide what circuit you want to build and gather all the necessary components. Sketch out a diagram of how you want to connect everything.
2. Prepare the Board: If you're using a Vero board, cut it to the desired size and clean the copper tracks if needed. If you're using a breadboard, simply place it on a stable surface.
3. Place Components: Begin by placing the components on the board according to your circuit diagram. Start with the power source and then add components one by one, following the flow of the circuit.
4. Connect Components: Use jumper wires to connect the components as per your circuit diagram. Ensure that connections are secure and there are no loose wires or components.
5. Solder (if using Vero board): If you're using a Vero board, solder the connections between components and the copper tracks on the board. Be careful not to overheat components and to avoid solder bridges between tracks.
6. Double-check Connections: Before applying power to your circuit, double-check all connections to ensure they are correct and secure. Use a multimeter to check for continuity if needed.
7. Power Up: Once you're confident everything is connected properly, apply power to your circuit. Start with a low voltage and gradually increase it to avoid damaging components.
8. Test and Troubleshoot: Test your circuit to see if it functions as expected. Use a multimeter to measure voltages and currents at different points in the circuit. Troubleshoot any issues by checking connections, component values, and datasheets.

EVALUATION: 1. Teacher evaluates the students based on their performance from the practical/projects

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively