Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Dietary deficiencies

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Term: 1st Term

Week: 10

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes

Date:       

Subject:      Food and nutrition

Topic:-       Dietary deficiencies

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. List some dietary deficiencies
  2. List the symptoms and treatment for the dietary deficiencies

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the previous lesson on water

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She lists some dietary deficiencies

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She lists the symptoms and treatment for dietary deficiencies

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

DIETARY DEFICIENCIES
Some diseases are caused by lack of or shortage of specific nutrients in the meals we take, when this happens one begins to show signs of health imbalance. When a disease is caused due to excess or lack of specific nutrient, the diseases are called malnutrition. To correct this, an intake of the nutrient which is lacking should be increased. Therefore malnutrition means imbalance of nutrient intake due to the consumption of too little or too much of one or many nutrients. There are two types of malnutrition:

Under nutrition which is a condition resulting from an inadequate intake of food or poor utilization of nutrients in food; while over nutrition means excessive intake of one or more of the to the detriment of the proper functioning in the body system.

  1. Kwashiorkor: It is mostly common in children it is caused largely by lack of protein in the diet.

Symptoms: Enlarge stomach

Hair changes color and looks thin

Swollen legs

The child looks miserable

Skin becomes scaly

Retardation of growth and development.

Treatment: Protein food should be increased in the child’s diet

 

  1. Marasmus: This is a protein-calorie deficiency disease

Symptoms: Growth is stunted

The child looks like an old person or a living skeleton.

Body tissue wastes away and becomes saggy, rather than firm.

Treatment: The child’s diet should have high protein content especially animal protein.

It should contain other protein food, mixture should be given to increase the calorie according to child’s age, but gradually administered.

 

  1. Anemia: The deficiency is caused by inadequacy of Iron in the   diet. It is common with children and women, women lose blood regularly during menstruation and during child-birth.

Symptoms: Weakness, fainting, paleness of skin.

Treatment: The diet intake should include liver, eggs, spinach,etc .

EVALUATION:    1. List three deficiency diseases

  1. State two symptoms each for the deficiency disease listed
  2. Discuss the treatment for each of the deficiency disease

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively