Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Senior Secondary 1

Meaning and steps in Home management

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  4. Meaning and steps in Home management

Term: 1st Term

Week: 1

Class: Senior Secondary School 1

Age: 15 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods each

Date:       

Subject:      Home management

Topic:-       Meaning and steps in Home Management.          

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Discuss the meaning of Home Management       
  2. Evaluate the importance or Home Management                         
    3. Outline the steps Home management

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher reviews the students’ knowledge about the word “home management”

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She explains the meaning of home management and evaluates its importance

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She further outlines the steps in home management

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

HOME MANAGEMENT

Home management is a family working together for common purposes; the forming of plan of action, the sharing of responsibilities, the organizing and controlling of the use of available resources.

It involves homemaker’s managerial ability, her interest, and capacity to motivate the other members of the family to work to achieve a common goal for the development of the family.

Effective management enhances the chances of achieving goals by making wise decisions and proper utilization of resources.

A well-managed home is one in which the homemaker having acquired a degree of competence, works towards well defined goals or objectives. These when achieved provides her with a sense of satisfaction. A homemaker manages the house in such a way that all the members of the family are satisfied and family can achieve the goals.

 

Importance of Home Management:

  1. Home maintenance is important as it will highlight any potential repair issue you might need to consider.
  2. Money management to pay bills and to provide food for the family to eat as well as running the family bank account as well.
  3. Planning the family calendar takes priority and all aspects of running a home are planned in advance so everyone knows what to expect in the future.
  4. It helps to ensure that all the family’s needs are taken care of, including washing of laundry and the cleanliness of the home is planned and all family members are responsible for different areas in the home. This ensures that one person isn’t taking on more than they are able to cope with.
  5. Additionally, a well-managed home is often more comfortable and inviting than one that is neglected.

 

CAREERS IN HOME MANAGEMENT

  1. An estate or household manager 

S/He is also often responsible in managing the staff--from hiring and training to actual working.

  1. A personal assistant provides social, professional, and administrative support to a family, which can include paying bills, scheduling appointments, and managing emails, among others.
  2. A housekeeper is the backbone of the house because s/he is responsible for its cleanliness. The duties include washing and ironing of clothes, cooking, and vacuuming, among others.
  3. A nanny is responsible in taking care of the children in the house. S/He provides physical, emotional, and social support to them. The tasks include creating activities, helping with homework, and scheduling play dates, among others. T
  4. A chef is to plan the meals and prepare them. Additional responsibility may include shopping for food supplies.

 

STEPS IN HOME MANAGEMENT

  1. Planning:

Planning is considered the key activity in the management process. It consists of a series of decisions regarding various activities of the family, utilization of resources changing of family demands to reach the goals.

According to W.M. Fox, “Planning involves problem solving which includes the step in decision making like identifying the problem, obtaining information, formulating possible courses of action, considering consequences of each alternative and selecting the course of action that seems best.”

The basic steps of planning are:

  1. Recognizing the Problem
  2. Searching for various alternatives
  3. Choosing between alternatives
  4. Acting to carry out the plan
  5. Accepting the Consequence

All plans should be made to fit the needs of the family members. They should be flexible enough to meet the necessary changes. Sometimes original plans may have to be changed after a trial stage, if some of the minor decisions have not worked out satisfactorily and the change is desirable to achieve goals. Planning ensures that the decisions made as a result of planning are appropriate to individual situations.

Planning of the family may be long term or short-term plans.

The short- term plans must be co-ordinate with long-term plans. Building of house, marriage and education of children, making big purchase, saving for future use are some of the long-term goals of the family, for which long term plans are necessary.

Menu planning for cooking and some other household activities required short term plans. Goals are the basis of Sound Planning.

Planning maintains a balance between the amount of available resources and the demands upon it. Planning also provides a basis for other managerial activities. A Plan becomes successful only after it has been given the right direction of action.

 

  1. Organizing:

All the plans made in a home each day need variety of activities and if these activities are to be carried out effectively, some form of organization is essential. Organizing consists of dividing and grouping of activities. Then they are assigned to all the members.

According to Nickel and Dorsey, “Organizing is the process of establishing proper relationships among work, people and other resources and channeling authority and responsibility.” The Simple meaning of organizing is to arrange things in an orderly manner. Organization means dividing various activities and distributing them. So that goals can be easily achieved. It is influenced by the size of the family. Proper organization and allocation of work ensures that all the household work gets done and no one is over taxed.

According to G. Baker, there are three levels of organization:

  1. One person is organizing a task. Sometimes this is called work simplification.
  2. Another level is one person arranging his own efforts for the completion of several tasks he needs to do, e.g. A mother employed outside her home is likely to be organizing at this level.
  3. In the third level the manager arranges the efforts of others who are doing the work into a pattern so that one or more tasks can be completed. Parents who include their growing children in various homemaking tasks are organizing at this level.
  4. Controlling:

For successful implementation of the plan, certain amount of control is essential. Controlling involves a careful observation of performance. The Planners must be aware of short-comings in the plan. Regular checks make the plan easier to carry out. Controlling includes making changes when things seem to be getting off course. Such checking may concern the quality of the work or costs in terms of either money or time, or again it may have to do with the feelings or the satisfaction of people.

For example, menus are planned for meals and certain food materials are not available during shopping due to some reasons, then fresh decisions need to be made at once to substitute the previous plan. In case of House Building also the building plans may be changed if necessary, at the controlling step.

The more the person is aware of alternatives, the better the chances of successful controlling. Controlling requires flexibility in thinking and planning rather than rigid and set pattern of action. It also required group welfare but not personal desires.

 

The different phases of the control step are:

(1) Energizing

Any plan must be implemented by energizing, or initiating and sustaining the action. It must be remembered that short term goals are more tangible than long term goals.

(2) Checking

The second phase of controlling the plan of action is checking the progress of the plan. It is a quick step by step appraisal of a plan in action. Specific way of checking plans in action vary with the resources concerned and the people involved in the process.

There should be suitable checking devices.

(3) Adjusting.

The third phase of control step is adjusting the plan if necessary, checking and direction should be timely, so that adjustment could be made effectively. In case of changed circumstances, a new decision has to be made in light of established goals and availability of resources.

Control calls both for leadership and joint action in the family.

Co­ordination is another means of control. It helps to give individuals working together a feeling of security, an understanding of the total situation and of the necessity for co-operation in order to achieve the best results. Skillful direction and guidance are needed to help control the plan in operation.

A thorough checking of available resources and decisions and the best way to use each one is the essence of control is the management process. Another important factor for successful controlling is the flexibility of the plan as well as the flexibility on the part of the manager.

 

  1. Evaluation:

The final step of management process is evaluation. It looks towards both the process of management and the results. Evaluation helps in judging the success and achievement of a plan of action. Its main purpose is to see what has been achieved as a result of effective planning and controlling. This forms the guidelines and basis for future planning. A considerable amount of evaluating is associated with controlling.

It is through this process of evaluation that control is affected. Evaluation step is actually a review of what has already taken place, with an objective towards better management in future. The homemaker learns through experience about the effectiveness of a plan.

It helps her to analyze how well the plan has been executed and how it has been successful in achieving the goals. The shortcomings and advantages are noted and may be considered in future planning due to this evaluation. Evaluation must be done in relation to goal or objectives.

There are two types of evaluation in management situations:

(1) General evaluation:

It might be casual and subjective. Without analyzing the outcome thoroughly, a manager may recognize a job as good or bad in a given situation.

(2) Detailed evaluation:

It is an elaborate type of evaluation. This means determining the degree of excellence of the managerial job of the home, one has to look into the different aspects of management. Management processes involves planning, organizing, implementing, controlling and evaluating the things which a family possesses in order to achieve goals.

The Process of management should bring about greatest return in satisfaction, growth and development, health and social usefulness to all members. Effective management recognizes the validity of management processes through which one is able to use resources more effectively, give directions to one’s life and achieve the desired goals of life.

 

EVALUATION:    1. Explain the meaning of home management

  1. State three importance of home management
  2. Enumerate four careers in home management
  3. State and explain the steps in home management

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively