TERM – 1ST TERM
WEEK ONE
Class: Senior Secondary School 1
Age: 15 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each
Date:
Subject: Biology
Topic: INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to
iii. Identify the characteristics of living organisms
INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
PERIOD 1-2
PRESENTATION |
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY |
STUDENT’S ACTIVITY |
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION |
The teacher introduces the concept, biology to the students |
Students pay attention |
STEP 2 EXPLANATION |
Teacher explains the branches of biology and characteristics of living organisms |
Students pay attention and participate |
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATIO N |
Teacher discusses the differences between plants and animals and the organization of life in living organisms |
Students pay attention and participate |
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING |
The teacher writes a summarized note on the board
|
The students copy the note in their books |
NOTE
Introduction to biology
Biology is the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from the molecular mechanisms within cells to the ecosystems that sustain life on Earth.
The term "biology" has its roots in ancient Greece. It is derived from the Greek words "bios," meaning life, and "logos," meaning study or science. The term was coined by the German scientist Gottfried Reinhold Treviranus in the late 18th century. However, the study of living organisms has ancient origins, with early observations and classifications dating back to civilizations such as ancient Egypt, India, and China.
Biology as an inquiry in science
Biology, as an inquiry in science, involves the systematic study of living organisms to understand their structure, function, growth, evolution, distribution, and interactions. It employs observation, experimentation, and analysis to uncover the underlying principles governing life. The scientific method is a fundamental approach in biology, guiding researchers in formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, and drawing conclusions. The field encompasses diverse areas such as genetics, ecology, physiology, and microbiology, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the complexity and diversity of life on Earth.
Branches of biology
Biology encompasses various branches, including:
Characteristics of living organisms
Living organisms share several key characteristics:
Differences between plants and animals
Plants and animals exhibit a lot of differences, the following table summarizes the main difference.
Characteristic |
Plants |
Animals |
Cell Type |
Eukaryotic cells with cell walls |
Eukaryotic cells without cell walls |
Nutrition |
Autotrophic (photosynthesis) |
Heterotrophic (ingestive) |
Movement |
Limited or no movement |
Generally capable of movement |
Energy Storage |
Store energy as starch |
Store energy as glycogen or fat |
Reproduction |
Mostly sexual or asexual reproduction |
Mostly sexual reproduction |
Response to Stimuli |
Respond to environmental stimuli |
Exhibit complex responses to stimuli |
Support Structure |
Have cell walls for support |
Have a skeletal system for support |
Respiration
Examples |
Through tiny pores (stomata) in leaves Trees, flowers, grass |
Through specialized respiratory organs Fish, mammals, birds |
Levels of organization of life
The levels of organization in life, from smallest to largest, are:
Complexity of organization in higher organisms
In higher organisms, like multicellular animals and plants, complexity increases with specialized cell types, intricate organ systems, and advanced behaviors. The following is a summary;
EVALUATION: 1.What is biology
CLASSWORK: As in evaluation
CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively