Mathematics - Primary 6 - Fractions and decimals

Fractions and decimals

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Term: 1st Term

Week 6

Class: Primary 6
Age: 11 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Fractions and Decimals

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Add and subtract any given set of fractions.
  2. Multiply and divide any given set of fractions.
  3. Convert fractions to decimals and vice versa.
  4. Solve real-life problems involving fractions and decimals.
  5. Solve quantitative reasoning questions related to fractions and decimals.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Explanation and demonstration
  • Interactive questioning
  • Group activities
  • Step-by-step computation

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Fraction charts
  • Measuring cups
  • Number lines
  • Decimal grids
  • Flashcards
  • Whiteboard and markers

 

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

PERIOD 1 and 2

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Reviews concept of fractions. Demonstrates how to add and subtract fractions.

Pupils recall types of fractions and watch demonstration.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains the need for common denominators.

Pupils ask questions.

STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION

Example: 1/4 + 1/2 = (1/4 + 2/4 = 3/4)

5/6 - 1/3 = (5/6 - 2/6 = 3/6 = 1/2)

Pupils practice on the board.
     

STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING

Notes and worked examples written in notebooks.

Pupils copy and solve practice problems.

EVALUATION:

  • Solve:
  1. 2/5 + 1/3
  2. 7/8 - 3/4

CLASSWORK:

  • Add and subtract given fractions

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Add and subtract the following:
  1. 3/7 + 2/7
  2. 5/6 - 1/2

CONCLUSION:
Teacher checks for understanding and reinforces method.

 

PERIOD 3

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces multiplication and division of fractions.

Pupils state what they know.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains cross-cancellation method for multiplication. Division = Invert and multiply.

Pupils ask questions and solve examples.

STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION

Multiply: 2/3 × 3/4 = 6/12 = ½

Divide: 4/5 ÷ 2/3 = 4/5 × 3/2 = 12/10 = 1.2

Pupils try examples.
     

NOTE:

  • Division: Invert the second fraction and multiply

EVALUATION:

  • Solve:
  1. 5/6 × 1/3
  2. 2/3 ÷ 4/5

CLASSWORK:

  • Multiplication and division of fractions

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Solve 2 multiplication and 2 division problems

CONCLUSION:
Teacher highlights the importance of proper simplification.

 

PERIOD 4

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces conversion between fractions and decimals.

Pupils listen and discuss examples.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Dividing numerator by denominator gives decimal. Also shows decimal to fraction.

Pupils follow and try it.

STEP 3 – PRACTICE

Convert 3/4 → 0.75

  

Convert 0.6 → 6/10 = 3/5

Pupils practice conversion.

  

EVALUATION:

  • Convert:
  1. 2/5 to decimal
  2. 8 to fraction

CLASSWORK:

  • 4 conversions between fractions and decimals

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Do 2 conversions each way

CONCLUSION:
Teacher emphasizes accuracy when dividing.

 

 

PERIOD 5

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Discusses real-life uses of fractions and decimals (e.g., money, recipe, measurement).

Pupils give examples.

STEP 2 - DEMONSTRATION

“If ½ kg of rice costs ₦350, what is the cost of 2½ kg?”

Pupils attempt problem-solving.

STEP 3 - GROUP WORK

Pupils solve real-life and QR questions on worksheet.

Group discussion and presentation.

EVALUATION:

  • Solve 3 real-life and QR problems

CLASSWORK:

  • Word problems involving fractions and decimals

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Solve 2 practical questions involving decimals

CONCLUSION:
Teacher wraps up week with review and feedback.