Mathematics - Primary 6 - Multiplication of numbers

Multiplication of numbers

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Term: 1st Term

Week 3

Class: Primary 6
Age: 11 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Multiplication of Numbers

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Multiply 3-digit numbers by 3-digit numbers and write the answers in words.
  2. Multiply decimal fractions by decimal fractions.
  3. Solve real-life problems on multiplication related to daily life.
  4. Solve quantitative reasoning questions related to multiplication of numbers.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Demonstration
  • Step-by-step computation
  • Group activities
  • Problem-solving approach
  • Interactive questioning

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Place value charts
  • Flashcards with decimal and whole numbers
  • Multiplication charts
  • Counters or cubes
  • Word problem flashcards
  • Worksheets
  • Whiteboard, markers, and erasers

 

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

PERIOD 1 and 2

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces multiplication by revising multiplication of 2-digit numbers and transitioning to 3-digit by 3-digit numbers.

Pupils recall multiplication facts and participate in discussion.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Demonstrates long multiplication of 3-digit numbers using place value and step-by-step alignment.

Pupils follow the steps and try similar examples on their own.

STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION

Writes a multiplication problem on the board and solves it, showing how to write the answer in words.

Pupils observe and then solve similar problems in pairs.

STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING

Gives worked examples and notes on multiplication rules.

Pupils take notes in their notebooks.

NOTE (On the Board):
Multiply 324 × 213
→ Step 1: Multiply ones → 3 × 4 = 12
→ Step 2: Multiply tens and hundreds, align accordingly
Answer = 69,012
In words = Sixty-nine thousand and twelve

EVALUATION:

  • Pupils solve two 3-digit by 3-digit multiplication problems.
  • Write each result in words.

CLASSWORK:

  • Solve 3-digit by 3-digit multiplication problems.
  • Write answers in both figures and words.

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Multiply:
  1. 312 × 124
  2. 458 × 276
    Write both answers in words.

CONCLUSION:
Teacher praises pupils for their efforts and encourages continued practice.

PERIOD 3 and 4

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces multiplication of decimal fractions using real-life scenarios (e.g., money, weight).

Pupils listen and give examples of where decimals are used in life.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how to multiply decimal fractions using decimal placement and number alignment.

Pupils watch and ask questions for clarification.

STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates with examples like 2.4 × 1.5 = 3.6

Pupils practice examples with teacher’s guidance.

STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING

Pupils take down notes and examples.

Pupils take notes in their math books.

NOTE (On the Board):
Decimal × Decimal
e.g., 2.3 × 1.2 = 2.76
Rules:

  • Ignore decimal and multiply as whole numbers
  • Count total decimal places
  • Place decimal in answer

EVALUATION:

  • Multiply decimal pairs and write answers correctly.

CLASSWORK:

  • Multiply the following:
  1. 2 × 2.3
  2. 4 × 0.5

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Solve:
  1. 2 × 3.1
  2. 9 × 2.2

CONCLUSION:
Teacher applauds efforts and encourages them to look for real-life uses of multiplication.

 

PERIOD 5

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Engages pupils in solving real-life word problems involving multiplication.

Pupils discuss common multiplication situations at home or market.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Shows examples like: “If one notebook costs ₦250, how much do 126 notebooks cost?”

Pupils work out the problem with teacher’s support.

STEP 3 - CLASS ACTIVITY

Pupils form pairs to solve daily-life multiplication word problems from worksheets.

Pupils solve and explain their reasoning.

EVALUATION:

  • Pupils solve 3 real-life multiplication problems.

CLASSWORK:

  • Solve real-life problems involving multiplication.

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Write 3 daily-life multiplication scenarios and solve them.

CONCLUSION:
Teacher praises pupils for effort and accuracy in solving word problems.