Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Primary 5

Term: 3^rd Term

Week: 9

Class: Primary 5

Age: 10 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 3 periods

Date:

Subject: Basic Science and Technology

Topic:-       Rocks

          -        Issues and challenges in PHE

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Explain the meaning of rock
2. Classify rocks
3. Enumerate uses of rocks
4. Mention some landmark rocks in Nigeria
5. Discuss issues and challenges in sports
6. List different types of drugs
7. highlight the uses of drugs
8. Investigate the effects of drinking and smoking

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, playway method, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: pictures or video clips showing different types of rocks and their uses, picture samples of herbal medicines

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2: Rock

NOTE

The classes of rocks

Igneous rocks are formed from melted rock deep inside the Earth.

Examples of igneous rocks include

1. Granite is a hard igneous rock made of clearly visible crystals of various minerals.
2. Basalt is a dark-coloured, fine-grained igneous rock.
3. Pumice is a light igneous rock with thousands of tiny bubbles in them

Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of sand, silt, dead plants, and animal skeletons.

Examples of sedimentary rocks

1. Sandstone
2. Limestone
3. shale.

Metamorphic rocks formed from other rocks that are changed by heat and pressure underground.

Examples of metamorphic rocks

1. gneiss
2. quartzite
3. marble
4. schist
5. soapstone
6. phyllite

Uses of rocks

1. Blocks of stones are used in foundations, walls, bridge pier, abutments, lighthouses, aqueducts, and retaining walls.
2. Rocks are used for masonry work, lintels, and vertical columns, covering floors of the building.
3. Flags or thin slabs are used for paving, roofing, etc.
4. Broken or crushed rocks are used as aggregates in concrete, in road constructions.
5. Broken or crushed rocks are also used as railway ballast.
6. Stone screenings are used as a natural substitute for sand.
7. Limestone is the basic material for the manufacture of lime concrete and cement.
8. Rocks are used as blocks along the river and canal banks for preventing erosion called riprap.
9. Base material for water and sewage filters, in case of waterworks and sewage treatment plants.
10. Limestone is also used as a flux in the blast furnaces.
11. In the construction of the masonry dam, stones of good quality and durability are of vital importance.
12. For ornamental works in and outside the buildings, like blocks, slabs, and chips.

Landmark rocks in Nigeria and their locations

Aso Rock

Aso Rock is said to be the largest outcrop of granitic rock located in Abuja The rock is located on the outskirts of Abuja

Olumo Rock

Olumo Rock is located in the city of Abeokuta in Ogun State

Zuma Rock

Zuma Rock is located in Niger State

Wase Rock

Located in Plateau State, Wase Rock is one of the few volcanic rocks in Nigeria.

Riyom Rock

Also known as the Three Rocks, it is an unusual rock formation located in Riyom town in Jos.

Gibadi Rock

This rock formation is located in Sokoto and it is also an important tourist

attraction.

EVALUATION:    1. Explain the meaning of Rocks

2. Classify rocks and give two examples of each
3. Enumerate six uses of rocks in Nigeria
4. Highlight four landmark rocks in Nigeria and their locations

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the pupils positively

PERIOD 3: Issues and challenges in PHE

NOTE

Issues and challenges in PHE

• Gambling – This is the practice of playing games of chance or betting in the hope of winning money. 
• Drug abuse – Drug addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences to the drug addict and those around them.

• Violence
• Burnout of young athletes
• Professionalization of collegiate athletics
• Racism
• Academic qualifications of athletes

*    Emphasis of winning sports in youth sports

Ways drugs can be taken into the body

Drugs can be

1. smoked
2. snorted
3. injected
4. swallowed (pills, capsules, liquids)
5. transdermal means (applied to the skin).

Alcohol and tobacco

Alcohol is A chemical substance found in drinks such as beer, wine, and liquor. It is also found in some medicines, mouthwashes, household products, and essential oils (scented liquid taken from certain plants). It is made by a chemical process called fermentation that uses sugars and yeast.

Tobacco is a chemical substance found in drinks such as beer, wine, and liquor. It is also found in some medicines, mouthwashes, household products, and essential oils (scented liquid taken from certain plants). It is made by a chemical process called fermentation that uses sugars and yeast.

Reasons why people drink and smoke

1. People may drink or smoke in an attempt to “self-medicate” to alleviate their feelings of depression. Depression, anxiety, Post traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD), stress of daily life are associated with cravings for alcohol and nicotine
2. Peer pressure- others are doing it
3. Their parents did

Effects of tobacco

It causes

1. cancer
2. heart disease
3. stroke
4. lung diseases
5. diabetes
6. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
7. It increases risk for tuberculosis, certain eye diseases, and problems of the immune system, including rheumatoid arthritis.

Effects of alcohol

1. increased risk of diabetes and weight gain.
2. impotence and other problems with sexual performance.
3. cancers such as stomach cancer, bowel cancer, breast cancer, mouth cancer, throat cancer, oesophageal cancer and liver cancer.
4. fertility issues such as reduced sperm count and reduced testosterone levels in men

Effects of drug abuse on the family members

1. When a parent has an addiction, they’ll be too busy looking for and using their substance of choice, which distracts them from their responsibilities
2. Addicts aren’t likely to follow through on their agreements or promises, and this causes further strain in their relationships.
3. Taking care of bills, making decisions, raising the kids, and cleaning up after the addict is quickly going to take a toll on the other parent
4. Financing an addiction isn’t cheap. Additionally, the substance abuse problem is likely going to cause the individual to lose their job due to poor performance or attendance. After that happens, they’ll turn to their savings to quench their addiction.

Consequently, the family will begin having problems paying for basic things such as food, clothing, utilities, and rent or mortgage.

5. In addition to making the addict irrational, their substance abuse is also likely to put everyone around them on edge. This means that simple disagreements can result in big fights as everyone feels misunderstood.
6. Drug abuse usually makes an individual’s behavior unpredictable. You never know how they’ll react to a situation. In a bid to avoid physical or emotional abuse, family members might begin walking on eggshells to appease their addicted loved one.

Effects of drug abuse on the society

Addiction creates social issues and public health concerns that extend beyond the home, school, and workplace to negatively impact larger groups of individuals. This includes and is not limited to

1. Driving under the influence 
2. Violent crimes committed while under the influence of drugs
3. Violence between clashing drug gangs or violence between a dealer and user

4. Stealing to afford drugs (including fraud)

EVALUATION:    1. Mention four issues and challenges in PHE

2. List five different types of drugs
3. Describe four ways drugs can be taken into the body
4. What are three effects of drug abuse on
5. the family members
6. the society
7. Differentiate between alcohol and tobacco
8. Give reasons why people drink or smoke

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the pupils positively