Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Primary 5

TERM: 3^rd Term

WEEK: 6

CLASS: Primary 5

AGE: 10 years

DURATION: 40 minutes of 2 periods each
DATE:

SUBJECT: Prevocational Studies

TOPIC:       -        Systems of rearing farm animals

• Cooking of food

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the pupils should be able to

1. Identify the systems of rearing farm animals
2. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of rearing animals in each system
3. Explain the meaning of cooking
4. Discuss the reasons for cooking food
5. List methods of cooking food

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, playway method, questions and answers, demonstration.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Samples of food items/images, samples of cooking tools and equipment, farm records, shovels, spades, etc

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

NOTE

Systems in rearing of animals

1. Free-Range or Extensive System: This is the oldest system of farming used by general farmers, where there is no shortage of land and monetary involvement. Free range poultry farming consists of poultry birds permitted to roam freely instead of being contained in any manner.

2. Intensive systems

It is a specialized system of breeding animals where the livestock are kept indoors and fed on concentrated foodstuffs, with frequent use of drugs to control diseases which are a constant threat under these conditions.

Advantages of Intensive Farming

1. One of the major advantages of this farming technique is that the animal yield is high.
2. It helps the farmer to easily supervise and monitor the land and protect his livestock from being hurt or hounded by dangerous wild animals.
3. The introduction of intensive farming allows the space, equipment, and other requirements for farming to be less and more economical.
4. Another advantage is that large productivity of food is possible with less amount of land.

Disadvantages of Intensive Farming

1. Intensive farming involves the use of various kinds of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and insecticides. 
   2. It can lead to overcrowding due to the fact that animals are kept in holding facilities which can lead to pollution and break out of diseases and infection.
2. The use of chemical fertilizers contaminates soil and water bodies such as lakes and rivers.
3. Heavy use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers can also affect the workers (who spray the pesticides) and the people residing nearby.

3. Semi-intensive systems-are commonly used by small scale producers and are characterized by having one or more pens in which the birds can forage on natural vegetation and insects to supplement the feed supplied

Advantages

1. It is a more economical use of land in comparison to the free-range system.
2. To an extent, you can apply scientific management operations in this system.

Disadvantages

1. High cost for fencing.
2. Need for routine cleaning and removal of litter material from the pen.

Cooking

Cooking is the process of producing safe and edible food by preparing and combining ingredients, and (in most cases) applying heat.

Cooking is a means of processing food, without which many foods would be unfit for human consumption.

Reasons why we cook food

1. Cooking makes food easier to eat.
2. It makes food more appetizing and palatable.
3. It makes food easier to digest.
4. It makes food safe to eat. ...
5. Some foods keep longer when cooked. ...
6. Cooking improves the appearance of food.
7. It improves the taste of food.

Methods of cooking

1. boiling
2. roasting
3. frying
4. baking
5. steaming
6. stewing

EVALUATION:    1. Explain the following

1. free-range systems
2. intensive systems
3. semi-intensive systems
4. Describe two advantages and disadvantages of
5. free-range systems
6. intensive systems
7. semi-intensive systems
8. Explain the meaning of cooking
9. Give four reasons why food should be cooked
10. List five methods of cooking

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the pupils positively and marks their books