Mathematics - Primary 5

Term: 3^rd Term

Week 1

Class: Primary 5
Age: 10 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Temperature

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Define temperature.
Compare the degree of hotness or coldness in degree Celsius (°C).
Convert a given temperature in Centigrade (°C) to Fahrenheit (°F).
Convert a given temperature in Fahrenheit (°F) to Centigrade (°C).
Appreciate the importance of temperature in daily life.
Solve quantitative aptitude problems related to temperature.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES

Demonstration
Guided discovery
Group discussion
Use of teaching aids
Problem-solving

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

Thermometer (real or chart)
Conversion formula chart
Flashcards with temperatures in °C and °F
Whiteboard and markers
Worksheets for practice
Real-life temperature examples (weather, boiling point, body temp, etc.)

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces the topic by asking pupils how they feel on a sunny or rainy day. Explains the term “temperature” as the measure of hotness or coldness.	Pupils respond and give examples.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Defines temperature and explains it is measured in degrees Celsius (°C) and Fahrenheit (°F). Shows chart of thermometer.	Pupils observe and ask questions.
STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Uses thermometer (real or chart) to demonstrate measuring temperature. Explains common temperature ranges: boiling point, freezing point, body temperature.	Pupils observe and give their own examples of hot and cold temperatures.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Writes down the key notes. Pupils take notes on meaning of temperature and basic temperature ranges.	Pupils take notes.

NOTE (On the Board):

Temperature:

It is the measure of how hot or cold something is.
Measured in °C (Celsius) or °F (Fahrenheit).
Tools used: Thermometer

Examples:

Water boils at 100°C
Water freezes at 0°C
Normal body temp = 37°C
A cold day = around 10°C

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to mention examples of hot and cold temperatures.
Ask: What is the boiling point of water?

CLASSWORK:

List 3 examples each of hot and cold things.
Draw a thermometer and label 0°C, 37°C, and 100°C.

ASSIGNMENT:

Record the daily temperature in your environment for 3 days and write whether it is hot or cold.

CONCLUSION:

The teacher appreciates all efforts and encourages the pupils to observe temperature changes around them.

PERIOD 3 and 4:

PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Recaps previous lesson and introduces the concept of conversion between Celsius and Fahrenheit.	Pupils recall and respond.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	°C to °F: (°C × 9/5) + 32	Pupils write down formulas.
	°F to °C: (°F − 32) × 5/9

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates solving examples of both conversions on the board.	Pupils follow the steps and try examples.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Writes important notes and sample conversions on the board.	Pupils copy notes.

NOTE (On the Board):

Conversion Formulas:

°C to °F → (°C × 9/5) + 32
°F to °C → (°F − 32) × 5/9

Examples:

Convert 20°C to °F = (20 × 9/5) + 32 = 68°F
Convert 98.6°F to °C = (98.6 − 32) × 5/9 = 37°C

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to convert 25°C to Fahrenheit.
Ask them to convert 50°F to Celsius.

CLASSWORK:

Convert the following:
a. 30°C to °F
b. 100°F to °C
c. 15°C to °F
d. 86°F to °C

ASSIGNMENT:

Write 3 real-life places where temperature is measured and give examples in °C and °F.

CONCLUSION:

The teacher praises the pupils and emphasizes why it’s important to know both scales of temperature.

PERIOD 5:

PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Revises temperature conversions and introduces quantitative aptitude problems based on temperature.	Pupils respond and prepare to solve problems.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Gives word problems involving temperature and guides pupils to use conversion formulas to solve them.	Pupils solve problems in groups or individually.
STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Works through one or two problems with pupils.	Pupils ask questions and solve similar problems.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Gives steps to solving temperature word problems.	Pupils write steps in notes.

NOTE (On the Board):

Sample Word Problem:
"The temperature in Lagos was 32°C. What is it in Fahrenheit?"
Solution: (32 × 9/5) + 32 = 89.6°F

Another Problem:
"If the temperature in London is 104°F, what is it in Celsius?"
Solution: (104 − 32) × 5/9 = 40°C

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to solve 2 problems on the board.
Observe pupils' understanding and ability to use the correct formula.

CLASSWORK:

Solve 3 given word problems based on real-life temperature situations.

ASSIGNMENT:

Create one real-life temperature story problem and solve it using the correct conversion formula.

CONCLUSION:

The teacher applauds all efforts and reminds pupils how temperature affects what we wear, eat, or do each day.

SUMMARY OF LESSON

This week, the pupils learned the concept of temperature, how to compare levels of hotness and coldness, how to convert temperatures between Celsius and Fahrenheit, and how to apply these in real-life problems. They also practiced solving word problems related to temperature using appropriate formulas.

Mathematics - Primary 5 - Temperature