Mathematics - Primary 5

Term: 2^nd Term

Week 2

Class: Primary 5
Age: 10 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Estimation

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

Round numbers to the nearest 10, 100, and 1000.
Round numbers to the nearest tenth, hundredth, and thousandth.
Estimate sums, differences, and products of numbers.
Solve quantitative aptitude problems related to binary numbers.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

Demonstration
• Group activities
• Problem-solving approach
• Use of teaching aids (charts, number lines, etc.)
• Interactive discussions

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

Number lines
• Charts for rounding numbers
• Flashcards with large numbers
• Markers, whiteboard, and erasers
• Worksheet for exercises
• Binary number worksheets

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

PERIOD 1 and 2:
PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces the topic by explaining estimation and its importance in everyday life.	Pupils listen and ask questions for clarification.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Demonstrates how to round numbers to the nearest 10, 100, and 1000, using examples on the board.	Pupils watch the demonstration and practice rounding numbers on their own.
STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates rounding numbers to the nearest tenth, hundredth, and thousandth, using decimal examples.	Pupils observe and try rounding decimal numbers to different places.
STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING	Explains the rules for rounding numbers, and pupils take notes.	Pupils take notes on rounding numbers to the nearest 10, 100, 1000, tenth, hundredth, and thousandth.

NOTE (On the Board): Rounding Numbers:

Nearest 10: If the ones digit is 5 or greater, round up. Otherwise, round down.
Nearest 100: If the tens digit is 5 or greater, round up. Otherwise, round down.
Nearest 1000: Same rule applies.
For decimals: Round based on the place value being asked (tenth, hundredth, thousandth).

Exercise:
Round the following numbers:

375 → Nearest 10: 380
8,245 → Nearest 100: 8,200
12.567 → Nearest tenth: 12.6

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to round the following numbers: 5,674; 3,581; 15.678; 2,100.
Provide examples for pupils to practice rounding numbers to different places.

CLASSWORK:

Round the following numbers: 34,967; 12,089; 56.789; 78.900.

ASSIGNMENT:

Round 10 large numbers (whole and decimal) to the nearest 10, 100, and 1000.

CONCLUSION:
The teacher commends the pupils positively for their participation in rounding and encourages continued practice in estimation.

PERIOD 3 and 4:
PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Recaps the previous lesson and introduces the concept of estimating sums, differences, and products.	Pupils recall previous lessons and engage in a brief discussion.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Explains the method of estimating sums, differences, and products, using real-life examples.	Pupils listen and take notes on how to estimate sums and differences.
STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates estimating sums and differences, showing how rounding individual numbers makes calculations easier.	Pupils observe the demonstration and try estimating sums and differences themselves.
STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING	Explains the concept of estimating products using rounding, and pupils take notes.	Pupils take notes on the steps for estimating sums, differences, and products.

NOTE (On the Board): Estimating Sums and Differences:

Round the numbers first before adding or subtracting.
Example: 78 + 23 → round to 80 + 20 = 100 Estimating Products:
Round the numbers first before multiplying.
Example: 56 × 89 → round to 60 × 90 = 5,400

Exercise:
Estimate the following sums, differences, and products:

72 + 19 → 70 + 20 = 90
3,472 - 1,589 → round to 3,500 - 1,600 = 1,900
68 × 47 → 70 × 50 = 3,500

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to estimate the following:

64 + 47
85 - 26
53 × 48

Provide examples for pupils to practice estimating sums, differences, and products.

CLASSWORK:

Estimate sums and differences for the following: 58 + 42, 137 - 58.
Estimate products for the following: 62 × 73, 19 × 8.

ASSIGNMENT:

Estimate the sum, difference, and product for the following numbers:

94 + 67
84 - 35
39 × 76

CONCLUSION:
The teacher commends the pupils for actively participating in estimating calculations and encourages them to practice estimating daily.

PERIOD 5:
PRESENTATION

Step	Teacher’s Activity	Pupil’s Activity
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces quantitative aptitude problems related to binary numbers.	Pupils listen and engage in a brief discussion.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Explains binary numbers, demonstrating their conversion to decimal.	Pupils listen and take notes on the basics of binary numbers.
STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates how to solve quantitative aptitude problems related to binary numbers.	Pupils observe the demonstration and work with binary problems in groups.
STEP 4 - NOTE TAKING	Explains how binary numbers are used in calculations, and pupils take notes.	Pupils take notes on binary number calculations.

NOTE (On the Board): Binary Numbers:

Binary system uses only 0 and 1.
Example: 1101 (binary) = 1 × 2^3 + 1 × 2^2 + 0 × 2^1 + 1 × 2^0 = 13 (decimal).

Exercise:
Convert binary numbers to decimal:

1010 → 10
1111 → 15

EVALUATION:

Ask pupils to convert the following binary numbers to decimal: 1100, 1011, 1110.
Provide examples of binary calculations to solve.

CLASSWORK:

Convert the following binary numbers to decimal: 1101, 1010, 1001.
Solve simple binary addition: 101 + 11.

ASSIGNMENT:

Convert 10 binary numbers from homework to decimal.

CONCLUSION:
The teacher commends the pupils positively for their active participation and encourages them to practice converting binary numbers to decimal.

SUMMARY OF LESSON:

This week, pupils will learn about estimation, including rounding numbers to the nearest 10, 100, and 1000, rounding decimals, estimating sums, differences, and products, and solving binary number problems. Interactive activities, worksheets, and practical examples will help pupils understand and apply these concepts.

Mathematics - Primary 5 - Estimation