Mathematics - Primary 5 - Ratios

Ratios

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Term: 1st Term

Week 7: Ratios

Class: Primary 5
Age: 10 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Ratios

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Explain the meaning of ratio.
  2. Express ratios in terms of fractions.
  3. Solve real-life problems related to ratios.
  4. Solve quantitative aptitude problems involving ratios.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Lecture and demonstration
  • Group work and discussions
  • Problem-solving

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Ratio cards
  • Visual aids such as ratio tables or charts
  • Markers and whiteboard

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES:

 

PERIOD 1 and 2:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces the concept of ratios by explaining that a ratio compares two or more quantities.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how ratios are written in the form of "a:b" and how they relate to fractions.

Pupils observe and take notes.

STEP 3 - DEMONSTRATION

Gives examples of ratios, such as 2:3, and explains how to simplify them.

Pupils follow along and simplify ratios.

STEP 4 - GROUP ACTIVITY

Divide the class into small groups and ask them to solve simple ratio problems using objects or pictures.

Pupils work in groups to solve ratio problems.

EXERCISE:

  • Express the following ratios in fractional form: 3:4, 5:8, 6:2.
  • Simplify these ratios where possible.

 

PERIOD 3-5:

PRESENTATION

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

STEP 1 - REAL-LIFE APPLICATION

Present real-life examples of ratios such as recipes, students in a class, or the ratio of boys to girls in a group.

Pupils suggest their own examples of ratios from daily life.

STEP 2 - SOLVING PROBLEMS

Provide practical ratio problems for the class to solve. Example: If 2 boys and 3 girls are in a class, what is the ratio of boys to girls?

Pupils solve problems individually or in pairs.

STEP 3 - QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE

Provide quantitative aptitude problems involving ratios (e.g., if the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:4, how many boys are in a class of 35 students?).

Pupils solve aptitude problems on ratios.

EXERCISE:

  • Solve problems on ratios in different contexts.

Use real-life data to practice ratio problem-solving.