Mathematics - Primary 4 - Three-Dimensional Shapes

Three-Dimensional Shapes

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Term: 3rd Term

WEEK 8: Three-Dimensional Shapes

Class: Primary 4

Age: 9 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods

Subject: Mathematics

Topic: Three-Dimensional Shapes

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. ) Explain the meaning of three-dimensional shapes.
  2. ) Distinguish between two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes.
  3. ) List the properties of three-dimensional shapes.
  4. ) Recognize the presence and uses of three-dimensional shapes in real life.
  5. ) Apply knowledge of three-dimensional shapes to solve real-life problems.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Demonstration
  • Group work
  • Hands-on practice
  • Visual aids (real-life examples, models)
  • Storytelling

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Three-dimensional shapes (models like cubes, spheres, pyramids, cones, etc.)
  • Real-life objects (balls, boxes, cones, etc.)
  • Worksheets with three-dimensional shape exercises
  • Visual aids (posters, pictures of real-world uses of 3D shapes)
  • Tape measure and rulers

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

STEP

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces the topic of three-dimensional shapes and their differences from two-dimensional shapes. Displays a cube, sphere, cone, etc.

Pupils observe and identify the 3D shapes presented by the teacher.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Defines three-dimensional shapes and provides examples from real life (e.g., a ball, a box).

Pupils ask questions and give examples of 3D shapes they encounter daily.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates how to distinguish between two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes. Explains the properties of 3D shapes (edges, faces, vertices).

Pupils help in identifying the properties of 3D shapes by touching and observing them.

STEP 4 – EXERCISES

Distributes worksheets for pupils to label the edges, faces, and vertices of various 3D shapes.

Pupils work in pairs to complete the worksheet, labeling the edges, faces, and vertices.

EVALUATION:

  • Define a three-dimensional shape.
  • Label the edges, faces, and vertices of a cube.
  • Compare a cone and a cylinder, listing the differences.

CLASSWORK:

  • Identify three real-life objects that resemble cubes, spheres, and cones.
  • Draw and label the parts of a cube and a sphere.

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Identify a three-dimensional shape in your classroom or home and list its properties (e.g., edges, faces, vertices).
  • Create a model of a 3D shape using paper.

PERIOD 3 and 4:

STEP

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Revisits the concepts of 3D shapes and introduces the concept of surface area.

Pupils recall the characteristics of 3D shapes learned in previous lessons.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how surface area can be measured for simple 3D shapes (e.g., cube, rectangular prism).

Pupils observe and make notes as the teacher demonstrates how to calculate surface area.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates how to calculate the surface area of a cube and rectangular prism using the formula.

Pupils participate by calculating the surface area of given shapes in pairs.

STEP 4 – EXERCISES

Provides additional surface area exercises for practice. Pupils work on calculating the surface area of different shapes.

Pupils complete the exercises individually or in groups.

EVALUATION:

  • Calculate the surface area of a cube with side length 4cm.
  • Calculate the surface area of a rectangular prism with length 5cm, width 3cm, and height 2cm.

CLASSWORK:

  • Complete surface area calculations for the following shapes: cube, rectangular prism, and sphere.

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Calculate the surface area of a sphere (approximate) using a formula provided by the teacher.
  • Write a real-life example of where surface area knowledge is useful.

 

PERIOD 5:

STEP

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces real-life applications of three-dimensional shapes in construction, architecture, and nature.

Pupils discuss examples of 3D shapes they have encountered in real life.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how 3D shapes are used in construction (e.g., cylinders for pipes, cubes for blocks) and nature (e.g., fruits, flowers).

Pupils give examples of 3D shapes in real life and how they are used or encountered.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Shows images of buildings, fruit, and other natural shapes to illustrate the real-world uses of 3D shapes.

Pupils observe and connect the use of 3D shapes to real-life applications.

STEP 4 – EXERCISES

Provides word problems that involve the application of 3D shapes in real-life scenarios (e.g., calculating the number of boxes needed to fill a room).

Pupils solve word problems that require applying their knowledge of 3D shapes in real-life situations.

EVALUATION:

  • Explain how 3D shapes are used in buildings.
  • Solve a word problem: "How many spheres can fit in a box that holds 12 cubes?"

CLASSWORK:

  • Write a paragraph on the importance of 3D shapes in everyday life.
  • Solve a real-life problem where a cylinder and cube are used in construction.

ASSIGNMENT:

  • Visit a construction site or observe nature and list three 3D shapes you can identify.
  • Draw and label a real-life object that has a 3D shape (e.g., a tree, a water bottle).

 

CONCLUSION:

  • Review the properties of three-dimensional shapes: edges, faces, and vertices.
  • Highlight the importance of three-dimensional shapes in daily life, such as in buildings, nature, and various industries.
  • Encourage students to keep exploring and identifying three-dimensional shapes in their surroundings.

 

EVALUATION FOR THE WHOLE WEEK:

  • Oral questions on 3D shapes and their properties.
  • Classwork and homework completion.
  • Application of 3D shapes to real-life scenarios.

Group exercises and individual practice on three-dimensional shapes.