Mathematics - Primary 4 - Square and Square Root of Whole Numbers

Term: 2^nd Term

Week: 5

Class: Primary 4
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Square and Square Root of Whole Numbers

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

) Calculate the square of numbers from 1 to 20.
) Identify the perfect squares in a set of numbers.
) Find the square root of perfect squares up to 400.
) Solve word problems involving the calculation of squares and square roots.
) Solve quantitative reasoning questions involving squares and square roots.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Explanation, class discussion, hands-on activities, problem-solving.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Square and square root charts, flashcards, board, worksheets.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	PUPIL’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces the concept of squaring a number (multiplying a number by itself).	Pupils listen and respond to questions.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Explains how to find the square of numbers from 1 to 20. Example: 4 x 4 = 16.	Pupils practice squaring numbers from 1 to 20.
STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates how to square numbers from 1 to 20 using the board.	Pupils follow along and practice on their own.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Pupils take notes on how to calculate the square of a number.	Pupils write down examples in their notebooks.

NOTE:

To square a number, multiply the number by itself.
Example: 3 x 3 = 9, 5 x 5 = 25, etc.

EVALUATION:

What is the square of 6?
What is the square of 8?

CLASSWORK:

What is the square of 2?
What is the square of 10?

ASSIGNMENT:

What is the square of 7?
What is the square of 12?

PERIOD 3 and 4:

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	PUPIL’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces perfect squares and the concept of square roots.	Pupils listen and ask questions.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Explains how to identify perfect squares in a set of numbers. Example: 16, 25, 36 are perfect squares.	Pupils identify perfect squares in a given set of numbers.
STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates how to find the square root of perfect squares up to 400. Example: √16 = 4, √25 = 5.	Pupils practice finding square roots using examples on the board.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Pupils write down how to identify perfect squares and calculate square roots.	Pupils write down the method for identifying perfect squares and calculating square roots.

NOTE:

Perfect squares: numbers whose square roots are whole numbers.
Example: √36 = 6, √64 = 8.

EVALUATION:

What is the square root of 49?
What is the square root of 81?

CLASSWORK:

What is the square root of 144?
What is the square root of 169?

ASSIGNMENT:

What is the square root of 100?
What is the square root of 400?

PERIOD 5:

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	PUPIL’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION	Introduces word problems involving the calculation of squares and square roots.	Pupils listen attentively.
STEP 2 – EXPLANATION	Solves a word problem: “The area of a square garden is 64 m². What is the length of one side?”	Pupils follow along and solve similar word problems.
STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION	Demonstrates how to solve quantitative reasoning problems involving square and square roots.	Pupils work in pairs to solve problems.
STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING	Pupils take notes on solving word problems involving square and square roots.	Pupils write down the solutions.

NOTE:

When solving word problems, determine if the problem involves squaring or square roots, and apply the appropriate operations.

EVALUATION:

Solve: The area of a square room is 121 cm². What is the length of one side?
Solve: A number squared equals 196. What is the number?

CLASSWORK:

Solve: The area of a square is 49 m². What is the length of one side?
Solve: What is the square root of 256?

ASSIGNMENT:

Solve: The area of a square plot is 25 m². What is the length of each side?

Solve: Find the square of 15.