Mathematics - Primary 4 - Decimal Fractions

Decimal Fractions

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Term: 2nd Term

Week: 3

Class: Primary 4
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Decimal Fractions

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. ) Identify decimal fractions up to tenths, hundredths, and thousandths.
  2. ) Change fractions to decimals using the simplest methods.
  3. ) Calculate addition and subtraction of decimals.
  4. ) Solve quantitative reasoning involving decimal problems.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Explanation, class discussion, demonstration.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Decimal charts, textbooks, flashcards, number line.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces the concept of decimal fractions. Explains that decimals are used for representing fractions.

Pupils listen and ask questions for clarification.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains decimal places: tenths, hundredths, thousandths, and so on.

Pupils observe and take notes.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates examples: 0.5 (tenths), 0.25 (hundredths), 0.125 (thousandths).

Pupils write down examples.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils note down definitions and examples of decimal fractions.

Pupils write notes in their notebooks.

NOTE:

  • 0.5 is the decimal equivalent of 1/2 (one-half).
  • 0.25 is the decimal equivalent of 1/4 (one-quarter).
  • 0.125 is the decimal equivalent of 1/8 (one-eighth).

EVALUATION:

  1. Write 0.75 as a fraction.
  2. Write 0.5 as a fraction.
  3. Write 0.125 as a fraction.

CLASSWORK:

  1. Convert 0.3 into a fraction.
  2. Convert 0.6 into a fraction.
  3. Convert 0.875 into a fraction.

ASSIGNMENT:
Convert the following decimals into fractions:

  • 0.8
  • 0.45
  • 0.125

 

PERIOD 3 and 4:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Recaps how fractions can be written as decimals.

Pupils recall what they have learned in previous lessons.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains the addition and subtraction of decimal fractions.

Pupils observe and write notes.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates how to add and subtract decimals (e.g., 1.5 + 0.75 = 2.25, 2.5 – 0.75 = 1.75).

Pupils follow the demonstration and solve with the teacher.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils write down the methods for adding and subtracting decimals.

Pupils take notes in their notebooks.

NOTE:

  • When adding or subtracting decimals, ensure that the decimal points are aligned.
  • Example:
    1.5 + 0.75 = 2.25
    2.5 – 0.75 = 1.75

EVALUATION:

  1. 5 + 3.75 = ?
  2. 6 – 0.4 = ?
  3. 25 + 0.35 = ?

CLASSWORK:

  1. Add 3.5 + 2.5.
  2. Subtract 5.75 – 3.25.
  3. Add 2.75 + 1.125.

ASSIGNMENT:

  1. 5 + 1.25 = ?
  2. 5 – 2.5 = ?
  3. 5 + 1.125 = ?

 

PERIOD 5:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces quantitative reasoning problems involving decimal fractions.

Pupils listen attentively.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Solves an example: "If 3.5 kg of rice costs 5.25 naira, how much will 1 kg cost?"

Pupils follow along and solve with the teacher.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Solves real-life problems such as money and measurement involving decimal fractions.

Pupils participate in solving the problems.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils take down the process for solving quantitative reasoning problems involving decimals.

Pupils write down the process.

NOTE:
Example:
If 3.5 kg of rice costs 5.25 naira, then 1 kg costs:
5.25 ÷ 3.5 = 1.5 naira.

EVALUATION:

  1. If 2.75 meters of fabric costs 4.25 naira, how much will 1 meter cost?
  2. If a pencil costs 0.25 naira, how much will 10 pencils cost?

CLASSWORK:

  1. A cake costs 3.25 naira per kg. How much will 4.5 kg of cake cost?
  2. A pair of shoes costs 7.5 naira. How much will 5 pairs cost?

ASSIGNMENT:

  1. A book costs 2.75 naira. How much will 8 books cost?

A toy costs 1.25 naira. How much will 6 toys cost?