Mathematics - Primary 4 - Fractions (Equivalent Fractions & Addition/Subtraction)

Fractions (Equivalent Fractions & Addition/Subtraction)

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Term: 2nd Term

Week: 2

Class: Primary 4
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Fractions (Equivalent Fractions & Addition/Subtraction)

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. ) Obtain equivalent fractions of a given fraction.
  2. ) Calculate addition and subtraction of like and unlike fractions using the simplest methods.
  3. ) Apply fractions in sharing commodities in homes, markets, and schools.
  4. ) Solve quantitative reasoning on equivalent fractions.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Explanation, questioning, class discussion.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Fraction charts, textbooks, flashcards.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Recaps the concept of fractions.

Pupils recall what they learned previously.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how to obtain equivalent fractions by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the same number.

Pupils follow along with examples.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates equivalent fractions using 1/2 = 2/4, 3/6, etc.

Pupils solve equivalent fractions with the teacher.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils write down definitions and examples.

Pupils write down examples of equivalent fractions.

NOTE:
Equivalent fractions are fractions that represent the same value.
Example:
1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6

EVALUATION:
Find the equivalent fractions for:

  1. 3/5
  2. 1/3
  3. 7/8

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Find the equivalent fractions for 5/6 and 4/9.

 

PERIOD 3 and 4:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Recaps how to add and subtract fractions with like denominators.

Pupils recall previous lessons.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains addition and subtraction of fractions with like and unlike denominators.

Pupils follow the explanation and examples.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates the addition and subtraction of fractions with both like and unlike denominators.

Pupils solve with the teacher.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils write notes on methods for adding and subtracting fractions.

Pupils write notes on procedures.

NOTE:

  • For like denominators, just add or subtract the numerators.
  • For unlike denominators, find the LCM to make the denominators the same.

EVALUATION:

  1. 3/5 + 2/5
  2. 4/7 – 2/7
  3. 2/3 + 1/4

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Solve:

  1. 5/6 + 1/2
  2. 7/8 – 3/8

 

PERIOD 5:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces real-life examples of using fractions in sharing commodities.

Pupils give examples of how fractions are used in real life.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Solves examples such as sharing food, dividing money, etc., using fractions.

Pupils solve along with the teacher.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Solves a real-life problem: "If a person buys 3/4 kg of tomatoes and shares it equally among 4 people, how much does each person get?"

Pupils solve the problem

STEP 4-NOTE TAKING

Pupils write real-life examples in notebooks.

Pupils write down the examples.

 

NOTE:
Example:
To share 3/4 kg of tomatoes among 4 people, divide 3/4 by 4 (3/4 ÷ 4 = 3/16).

EVALUATION:
Solve:

  1. If you have 5/6 kg of rice and share it with 5 people, how much does each person get?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Solve a word problem: "You have 2/3 of a pizza. You share it with 3 people. How much does each person get?"