Mathematics - Primary 4 - Fractions

Fractions

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Term: 2nd Term

Week: 1

Class: Primary 4
Age: 9 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Date:
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Fractions

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. ) Define fractions.
  2. ) Identify and explain different types of fractions.
  3. ) Differentiate between proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed fractions.
  4. ) Represent fractions on a number line.
  5. ) Solve quantitative reasoning involving fractions.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Explanation, class discussion, demonstration.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Fraction charts, number line charts, flashcards, textbooks.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1 and 2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Introduces the concept of fractions. Defines a fraction.

Pupils listen and respond to questions.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains types of fractions: proper, improper, and mixed fractions.

Pupils give examples and write notes.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates how to represent fractions on a number line.

Pupils observe and follow.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils write definitions and examples.

Pupils write in notebooks.

NOTE:
A fraction represents a part of a whole.

  • Proper fraction: The numerator is less than the denominator. Example: 2/3
  • Improper fraction: The numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. Example: 5/4
  • Mixed fraction: A combination of a whole number and a proper fraction. Example: 1 2/3

EVALUATION:

  1. What is a fraction?
  2. Give examples of proper and improper fractions.
  3. Represent 3/4 on a number line.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Represent 5/8 on a number line.

 

PERIOD 3 and 4:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Revises the types of fractions discussed.

Pupils recall what they have learned.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Explains how to differentiate between the different types of fractions.

Pupils follow the explanation.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Guides pupils in identifying the types of fractions in various examples.

Pupils answer questions and identify fractions.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils take notes on differentiation.

Pupils write the differences between types of fractions.

NOTE:

  • Proper fractions have numerators smaller than the denominator.
  • Improper fractions have numerators larger than the denominator.
  • Mixed fractions are combinations of whole numbers and fractions.

EVALUATION:

  1. Identify whether the following fractions are proper, improper, or mixed:
    • 3/4
    • 7/5
    • 2 1/2
  2. Represent 3/5 on a number line.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Differentiate between 9/7 and 5 2/3.

 

PERIOD 5:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1 – INTRODUCTION

Explains quantitative reasoning problems involving fractions.

Pupils ask questions for clarification.

STEP 2 – EXPLANATION

Solves examples of quantitative reasoning involving fractions.

Pupils solve with the teacher.

STEP 3 – DEMONSTRATION

Demonstrates a word problem: "If you have 3/4 of a cake and you eat 1/2 of it, what is left?"

Pupils solve the problem with the teacher.

STEP 4 – NOTE TAKING

Pupils write down steps for solving quantitative reasoning problems.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE:
Example:
If you have 3/4 of a cake and you eat 1/2, you subtract 1/2 from 3/4. To do that, we make the fractions have a common denominator.
3/4 - 1/2 = 6/8 - 4/8 = 2/8 = 1/4

EVALUATION:
Solve:

  1. 5/6 – 2/3
  2. A group has 3/4 of a chocolate bar. They share it equally among 3 people. How much does each person get?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation.
ASSIGNMENT: Solve a word problem involving fractions: "You have 5/6 of a bottle of juice, and you drink 1/3. How much juice is left?"