Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 3

Walls and floors

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TERM – 2ND TERM

WEEK THREE 

Class: Junior Secondary School 3

Age: 14 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

Topic: WALLS AND FLOORS

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Define wall
  2. Identify the types of Wall
  3. Identify Walling materials and their uses
  4. Define floor and identify types of floor
  5. Identify flooring materials and their uses.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of wall and identify the various types of walls

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher identify Walling materials and discusses their uses

Students pay

attention and

participate

 

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher define floor and identify the types of floor.

Teacher identify and state the uses of flooring materials.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

WALLS AND FLOORS

Walls

Walls are structural elements that enclose, divide, or support buildings. There are various types of walls, including:

  1. Block Wall: A wall constructed using concrete blocks, typically made of cement, aggregate, and other additives. These blocks interlock or are bound together with mortar to form a sturdy structure.
  2. Brick Wall: Built with bricks, which are typically clay or concrete units. Bricks are arranged and bonded using mortar to create a wall. Brick walls are known for their durability and aesthetic appeal.
  3. Parapet Wall: An extension of a wall at the edge of a roof, balcony, bridge, or terrace. It provides a barrier and can serve decorative or protective purposes.
  4. Veneer Wall: A non-structural outer layer added to an existing wall, often for aesthetic reasons. Veneer walls can be made from various materials like stone, brick, or wood and are applied to the exterior of the primary wall.
  5. Retaining Wall: Designed to resist the lateral pressure of soil when there is a desired change in ground elevation. These walls prevent soil erosion and are commonly used in landscaping or civil engineering projects.
  6. Timber Wall: A wall constructed using timber (wood) as the primary material. Timber walls can be load-bearing or non-load-bearing, depending on their structural purpose.

Walling materials vary based on construction needs:

  1. Brick:Durable and commonly used for load-bearing walls.
  2. Concrete: Versatile, strong, and suitable for various wall types.
  3. Wood: Often used for framed structures and non-load-bearing walls.
  4. Drywall: Lightweight and commonly used for interior partitions.
  5. Stone: Offers aesthetic appeal and durability for both load-bearing and decorative walls.
  6. Glass: Used for transparent or decorative walls in modern architecture.

Floors

This is the horizontal surface in a building or room on which people walk. It serves as the base for furniture and other elements within a space.

Types of Floors

  1. Hardwood Floors: Made from solid wood and known for their durability and timeless appearance.
  2. Laminate Floors: Composed of multiple layers, including a photographic layer that mimics wood or other materials. It is cost-effective and easy to maintain.
  3. Tile Floors: Can be ceramic, porcelain, or natural stone tiles. They are durable, water-resistant, and come in various designs.
  4. Vinyl Floors: Made of synthetic materials and known for their resilience, affordability, and versatility in design.
  5. Carpet Floors: Soft and comfortable, made of various fibers. Carpets provide insulation and a cozy feel but require regular cleaning.

Flooring Materials and Uses:

  1. Wood: Elegant and durable, suitable for living rooms, bedrooms, and dining areas.
  2. Laminate: Cost-effective and versatile, used in living rooms, kitchens, and bedrooms.
  3. Ceramic Tile: Waterproof and durable, commonly used in bathrooms and kitchens.
  4. Porcelain Tile: Similar to ceramic but denser, suitable for high-traffic areas.
  5. Natural Stone: Luxurious and durable, used in various areas, including kitchens and entryways.
  6. Vinyl: Affordable and resilient, suitable for kitchens, bathrooms, and high-traffic areas.
  7. Carpet: Soft and warm, ideal for bedrooms and living rooms where comfort is a priority.

EVALUATION: 1. What do you understand by the term, Wall?

  1. Mention and discuss 5 types of Wall that you know.
  2. Identify 5 flooring materials you know and stat their uses.
  3. Mention 5 types of floor and explain them.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively