Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 3

TERM – 2^ND TERM

WEEK TEN

Class: Junior Secondary School 3

Age: 14 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

Topic: SIMPLE ELECTRICAL WIRING I

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Define electric circuit
2. Discuss the types of electric circuit
3. Sketch series and parallel circuits

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher explains what electric circuit is to the students	Students pay attention
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher discusses the two types of electric circuit and compare them	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATION	Teacher guide students to sketch series and parallel connection	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

SIMPLE ELECTRICAL WIRING I

Electric Circuit

An electric circuit is a closed loop or pathway through which electric current flows. It consists of interconnected components, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, switches, and sources of electrical energy (like batteries or generators). The components in a circuit are connected by conductive wires that allow the flow of electric charge. Circuits can serve various purposes, from powering electronic devices to controlling complex systems.

Types of Electric Circuit

1. Series Circuit: In a series circuit, components are arranged in a single path for the current to flow. The same current passes through each component one after the other. For example, the stringing lights on a Christmas tree in series

 

Characteristics:

     - The total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.

     - The current remains the same throughout the circuit.

     - The voltage across the circuit is divided among the components.

     - If one component fails (opens), the entire circuit is interrupted.

2. Parallel Circuit: In a parallel circuit, components are connected in multiple paths, allowing the current to flow through different branches simultaneously. For example, household electrical outlets.

 

Characteristics:

     - Each component has its own separate branch, and the current divides among the branches.

     - The voltage across each component is the same.

     - The total resistance is inversely proportional to the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances.

     - If one branch fails (opens), the others remain unaffected.

Comparison of series and parallel circuit

1. Voltage:

  - Series: Voltage is divided among components.

  - Parallel: Voltage is the same across all components.

2. Current:

  - Series: Current is the same throughout the circuit.

  - Parallel: Current divides among branches.

3. Resistance:

  - Series: Total resistance is the sum of individual resistances.

  - Parallel: Total resistance is inversely proportional to the sum of reciprocals of individual resistances.

4. Failure Impact:

  - Series: If one component fails, the entire circuit is interrupted.

  - Parallel: Failure in one branch doesn't affect others.

EVALUATION: 1. Define electric circuit.

2. Mention and explain the two types of electric circuit
3. Sketch the series and parallel connection

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively