Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 3

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  4. Non-communicable diseases

Term: 1st Term

Week: 6

Class: Junior Secondary School 3

Age: 14 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods

Date:

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Topic:-       Non Communicable Diseases

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Explain the meaning of non communicable diseases.
  2. State the causes and symptoms of some non-communicable diseases
  3. Highlight ways to prevent and control the communicable diseases

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson on pathogens, diseases and their prevention

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She explains the meaning of non communicable diseases

 

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She further states the causes and symptoms of some non communicable diseases

She then highlights ways to prevent and control the non communicable diseases

 

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

They are diseases that cannot be spread from one person to another.

  1. ASTHMA: this is a disorder in which a person experiences difficulty in

breathing, accompanied by a slight wheezing and tight chest

What causes asthma is an allergy to pollen grains, moulds, dust, animal

hair etc. some of the triggers of asthma include cold, irritating fumes etc.

For a person suffering asthma attack, ask the person to sit upright on a

chair/bed and propped up with a pillow. The victim is expected to drink lots

of water and uses inhalants where necessary

 

  1. ACNE: this is a skin disorder that usually affects the face. It is caused by

oily secretions in the skin glands that clogs the openings of the skin.

Acne can be prevented by not drinking high sugar content drinks, greasy

foods such as butter, cheese, fried foods and chocolates

 

  1. SICKLE CELL: it is a hereditary disease that is passed from parents to

an offspring. The major problem of this disease is that due to the crescent

shaped red blood cells, they are unable to pass through the small blood

vessels easily and may sometimes block the blood supply to vital organs e.g brain, heart, kidney etc leading to more complicated problems like heart attack.

SYMPTOMS

  1. abdominal pain
  2. severe leg cramp
  3. yellowish discolouration of the eyes
  4. pain in the bone
  5. feverish condition
  6. anemia
  7. chronic ulcer

PREVENTION/CONTROL

  1. eating highly nutritious food
  2. avoid strenuous exercises
  3. Take the patient to the doctor when there is crisis
  4. blood transfusion is necessary

 

  1. CANCER: This is a condition in which certain body cells multiply without

any apparent control and destroy healthy tissues and organs. The most

common forms are breast cancer, skin cancer and prostrate cancer.

SYMPTOMS

  1. changes in the bowel or bladder habits
  2. sore that does not heal
  3. bleeding or discharge
  4. thickening or lumps
  5. persistent indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
  6. obvious change in wart/mole
  7. nagging cough or chronic hoarseness

 TREATMENT

Surgery, radiation(radiotherapy) and drugs(chemotherapy) are the most

common methods used to treat cancer.

 

  1. HYPERTENSION OR HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE: it is a condition in

which a person’s blood pressure is consistently above normal

FACTORS AFFECTING BLOOD PRESSURE

  1. fear, too much thinking
  2. anxiety, state of unrest, too much talking
  3. emotional disturbance

SYMPTOMS

  1. occasionally severe headaches especially at night or very early in the

morning

  1. dizziness
  2. rapid beating of the heart
  3. faintness

 

PREVENTION

  1. eat balanced meals
  2. check blood pressure regularly
  3. get high quality hypertension drugs

EVALUATION:    1. What are non communicable diseases?

  1. Define, state the causes and preventive measures for the following non communicable diseases
  2. acne
  3. hypertension
  4. cancer
  5. sickle cell anemia
  6. asthma

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively