Mathematics - Junior Secondary 3 - Rational and non-rational numbers

Rational and non-rational numbers

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Comprehensive Lesson Plan and Notes
  3. Junior Secondary 3
  4. Rational and non-rational numbers

TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 6

Class: Junior Secondary School 3

Age: 14 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Rational and Non-Rational Numbers
Focus: Identifying Rational and Non-Rational Numbers
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Identify rational numbers.
  2. Identify non-rational numbers.
  3. Convert rational numbers into fractions or decimals.
  4. Recognize the characteristics of irrational numbers.
  5. Apply knowledge of rational and irrational numbers in solving problems.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:
• Question and answer
• Guided demonstration
• Discussion
• Exercises and drills
• Real-life application

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Flashcards with numbers
• Whiteboard and marker
• Worksheets

PERIOD 1 & 2: Identifying Rational Numbers

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces rational numbers, explaining that they can be expressed as fractions or decimals.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates examples of rational numbers (e.g., 1/2, 0.75, 5, -2).

Pupils observe and repeat examples.

Step 3 - Demonstration

Solves examples of rational numbers by converting them to fractions and decimals.

Pupils practice with guidance.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes examples on the board. Pupils copy.

Pupils take notes and ask questions.

NOTE ON BOARD:
• Rational numbers can be written as fractions (e.g., 1/2) or decimals that terminate or repeat.
• Examples: 1/2, 0.75, 3/4, -5

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Identify whether 0.5 is rational or irrational.
  2. Write 0.25 as a fraction.
  3. Convert 3/8 into a decimal.
  4. Identify if -2 is rational or irrational.
  5. Convert 0.333… to a fraction.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Convert 7/9 into a decimal.
  2. Identify if 5.12 is rational or irrational.
  3. Write 4 as a fraction.
  4. Convert -1.25 to a fraction.
  5. Identify whether 2/3 is rational or irrational.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Identify 5 rational numbers from your environment.
  2. Convert 2.6 into a fraction.
  3. Write 1.75 as a fraction.
  4. Identify whether 0.101010… is rational or irrational.
  5. Create 3 rational numbers and express them in decimal form.

 

PERIOD 3-5: Identifying Non-Rational Numbers

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces irrational numbers and explains they cannot be written as simple fractions or decimals.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates irrational numbers (e.g., √2, π, e).

Pupils observe and ask questions.

Step 3 - Demonstration

Solves examples of irrational numbers and shows their non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansion.

Pupils practice identifying irrational numbers.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes examples of irrational numbers on the board.

Pupils copy notes and practice.

NOTE ON BOARD:
• Irrational numbers cannot be expressed as fractions.
• Examples: √2, π, e

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Identify whether √2 is rational or irrational.
  2. Determine if π is rational or irrational.
  3. Is √9 a rational number? Why?
  4. Identify if e is rational or irrational.
  5. Write √3 as a decimal and determine if it's rational or irrational.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Identify whether √5 is rational or irrational.
  2. Determine if 1/3 is rational or irrational.
  3. What is the decimal expansion of π, and is it rational?
  4. Is √16 rational or irrational? Why?
  5. Identify and write 3 examples of irrational numbers.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Research and write the decimal expansion of π.
  2. Identify irrational numbers from the environment and explain why they are irrational.
  3. Write 3 rational and 3 irrational numbers.
  4. Convert √8 to a decimal and identify if it’s rational or irrational.

Solve problems involving both rational and irrational numbers in real-life contexts.