Mathematics - Junior Secondary 3 - Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals (Binary Numbers)

Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals (Binary Numbers)

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  4. Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals (Binary Numbers)

TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 4

Class: Junior Secondary School 3
Age: 14 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals (Binary Numbers)
Focus: Addition and Subtraction of Binary Numbers

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Understand and perform addition of binary numbers.
  2. Understand and perform subtraction of binary numbers.
  3. Apply the rules for adding and subtracting binary numbers in real-life contexts.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Question and answer
  • Guided demonstration
  • Problem-solving exercises
  • Real-life application

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Flashcards with binary numbers
  • Worksheets
  • Whiteboard and marker

PERIOD 1 & 2: Addition of Binary Numbers

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1

Introduces binary number system and explains the addition rules (0 + 0 = 0, 1 + 0 = 1, 1 + 1 = 10).

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2

Demonstrates adding binary numbers, e.g., 101 + 110.

Pupils observe and follow the steps.

Step 3

Solves examples of addition of binary numbers step by step.

Pupils solve problems with teacher's guidance.

Step 4

Teacher writes down examples of binary addition rules.

Pupils copy the rules and practice.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • 0 + 0 = 0
  • 1 + 0 = 1
  • 1 + 1 = 10 (carry 1)

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Add: 101 + 110
  2. Add: 111 + 101
  3. Add: 1011 + 1101
  4. Add: 1000 + 1111
  5. Add: 11001 + 10110

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Add: 1010 + 1100
  2. Add: 1001 + 1011
  3. Add: 1100 + 1110
  4. Add: 10101 + 11010
  5. Add: 1111 + 10001

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Add: 111 + 1010
  2. Add: 1000 + 1111
  3. Add: 1101 + 1001
  4. Add: 1001 + 1011
  5. Add: 11101 + 10011

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Subtraction of Binary Numbers

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1

Introduces subtraction of binary numbers and explains the rules (0 - 1 = borrow).

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2

Demonstrates subtraction of binary numbers with borrowing.

Pupils observe and practice.

Step 3

Solves examples of binary subtraction, e.g., 1010 - 110.

Pupils solve problems with guidance.

Step 4

Teacher writes down examples and rules for subtraction.

Pupils copy notes and practice.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • 0 - 1 = borrow 1 from the next digit
  • 1 - 1 = 0

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Subtract: 1010 - 110
  2. Subtract: 1100 - 101
  3. Subtract: 10110 - 10011
  4. Subtract: 11101 - 10000
  5. Subtract: 1101 - 101

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Subtract: 1011 - 110
  2. Subtract: 1101 - 100
  3. Subtract: 1001 - 111
  4. Subtract: 11101 - 1011
  5. Subtract: 11010 - 10100

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Subtract: 10101 - 1100
  2. Subtract: 11100 - 10110
  3. Subtract: 10011 - 1101
  4. Subtract: 11000 - 1010
  5. Subtract: 11111 - 10011

 

PERIOD 5: Real-Life Application of Binary Addition and Subtraction

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1

Introduces real-life applications of binary numbers (e.g., digital electronics, computer operations).

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2

Demonstrates how binary addition and subtraction is used in computer systems (e.g., data storage).

Pupils observe and take notes.

Step 3

Assigns a project where students calculate the binary results of data manipulation (e.g., adding binary codes).

Pupils work on the project in pairs or groups.

Step 4

Discusses how understanding binary operations helps in fields like computer programming, networking, etc.

Pupils discuss and share ideas.

ACTIVITY:

  • Example: Add the binary numbers for two computers' memory storage units: 1100110 + 1010101.
  • Task: Pupils will apply what they've learned about binary addition and subtraction to solve real-life computing scenarios, like network bandwidth calculations or memory usage.

EVALUATION (Real-life task examples):

  1. Add: 1010101 + 1100110 (Memory storage example)
  2. Subtract: 10010101 - 110011 (Network bandwidth example)
  3. Add: 111000 + 101010 (File compression example)

ASSIGNMENT:

Research a real-life scenario where binary operations (addition or subtraction) are used in technology. Write a brief explanation of how binary numbers are used in that scenario.