Cultural and Creative Arts - Junior Secondary 3 - Clay (Pottery/ceramics)

TERM: 1^ST TERM

WEEK TWO

Class: Junior Secondary School 3

Age: 14 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS (CCA)

Topic: CLAY(POTTERY/CERAMICS)

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

I.) Define clay

II.) Identify the types of clay

III.) State the applications of clay

IV.) Discuss the preparation of clay

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

NOTE

CLAY(POTTERY/CERAMICS)

Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material composed primarily of hydrated aluminum silicates. It's known for its plasticity when wet and its ability to harden when dried or fired.

Types Of Clay

1. Primary clay refers to clay that forms directly from the weathering of rock, typically from the decomposition of feldspar-rich rocks like granite. It retains its original mineral composition and properties, making it pure and free from impurities. Kaolin, or China clay, is a common example of primary clay.
2. Secondary clay, on the other hand, forms from the weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks, minerals, or primary clay deposits. It often contains impurities and other minerals, giving it different characteristics and colors. Ball clay and bentonite clay are examples of secondary clay.

Applications of clay

Clay has a wide range of uses across various industries and applications:

1. Ceramics: Clay is extensively used in pottery and ceramic production for making dishes, vases, tiles, and sculptures.
2. Construction: Clay is used in making bricks, roof tiles, and other structural materials due to its binding properties and ability to withstand high temperatures.
3. Agriculture: Bentonite clay is used in soil amendments to improve fertility and water retention.
4. Industrial: Clay is used in drilling muds for oil and gas drilling, in papermaking as a filler and coating material, and in cosmetics for its absorbent properties.
5. Art and crafts: Clay is popular among artists and hobbyists for sculpting and modeling due to its malleability and versatility.
6. Medicine: Certain types of clay are used in medicinal and cosmetic products for their healing and purifying properties.

Preparation of Clay

The following are steps for preparing clay:

1. Extraction: Clay is typically mined from deposits in the ground using various techniques, such as open-pit mining or dredging in wet environments.
2. Processing: Once extracted, the clay is crushed, pulverized, and mixed with water to form a slurry. This slurry may undergo further refinement processes to remove impurities and adjust its consistency.
3. Shaping: The prepared clay can then be shaped into desired forms using different techniques like hand-building, wheel-throwing, or extrusion.
4. Drying: The shaped clay is allowed to air dry partially to remove excess moisture and make it firm enough for further handling without losing its shape. This stage is crucial to prevent cracking during drying and firing.
5. Firing: Depending on the type of clay and intended use, the dried clay is fired in a kiln at high temperatures to remove remaining water and bind the particles together, resulting in a durable ceramic material.

EVALUATION: 1. What is clay?

2. Identify and discuss the types of clay
3. Mention 4 applications of clay
4. Discuss the step by step preparation of clay

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positive