Mathematics - Junior Secondary 3 - Whole Numbers I

Whole Numbers I

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TERM: 1ST TERM

WEEK 1
Class: Junior Secondary School 3
Age: 14 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Whole Numbers I
Focus: Binary Number System, Using Computers for Calculations, Translation of Word Problems

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Understand and apply the binary number system.
  2. Perform simple mathematical calculations using a computer.
  3. Translate word problems into numerical expressions.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:
• Question and answer
• Guided demonstration
• Discussion
• Hands-on practice
• Real-life application

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Computers with basic calculators
• Whiteboard and markers
• Flashcards with binary number examples
• Word problem worksheets
• Projector (for demonstrations)

PERIOD 1 & 2: Binary Number System

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces the binary number system (base 2). Explains the concept of 0 and 1 representing values.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates how to convert decimal numbers to binary. Example: Decimal 5 = Binary 101.

Pupils observe and take notes.

Step 3 - Practice

Uses examples to show pupils how to convert more numbers, e.g., 12, 7, and 19 into binary.

Pupils practice conversion in pairs.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes the steps of binary conversion on the board.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Decimal 5 = Binary 101
  • Decimal 12 = Binary 1100
  • Decimal 7 = Binary 111
  • Decimal 19 = Binary 10011

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Convert decimal 9 into binary.
  2. Convert decimal 15 into binary.
  3. Write the binary equivalent of decimal 20.
  4. Convert binary 1101 into decimal.
  5. What is the binary of decimal 2?

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Convert decimal 18 into binary.
  2. Convert binary 1011 into decimal.
  3. What is the binary of decimal 5?
  4. Convert decimal 25 into binary.
  5. Convert binary 10001 into decimal.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Convert the following decimals to binary: 10, 6, and 13.
  2. Write the binary equivalent of decimal 30.
  3. Convert binary 1110 into decimal.
  4. Write a word problem involving binary numbers.
  5. Create a word problem where you use binary calculations.

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Using Computers for Simple Mathematical Calculations

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces the use of computers for basic mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates how to use basic calculators on a computer for simple operations. Example: 25 + 15 = 40.

Pupils observe and follow along.

Step 3 - Guided Practice

Pupils work in pairs to complete basic arithmetic using the computer calculator. Teacher supervises and helps.

Pupils perform operations on the computer.

Step 4 - Practice with Word Problems

Teacher provides word problems. Pupils use the calculator to solve them.

Pupils solve word problems using the calculator.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Use the computer calculator to find: 45 + 32.
  2. Subtract 50 from 120 using the computer.
  3. Multiply 15 by 10 using the calculator.
  4. Divide 100 by 5 on the computer.
  5. Solve a word problem involving multiplication using the computer.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Use the computer to calculate: 25 + 18.
  2. Use the calculator to subtract 60 from 90.
  3. Multiply 12 by 8 using the computer calculator.
  4. Divide 72 by 9 using the computer.
  5. Solve a simple word problem using the computer.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Use the computer to calculate: 100 + 150.
  2. Subtract 75 from 200 using the computer.
  3. Multiply 30 by 4 using the calculator.
  4. Use the computer to divide 144 by 12.
  5. Create a word problem and solve it using the computer calculator.

 

PERIOD 5: Translation of Word Problems into Numerical Expressions

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces how to break down word problems into mathematical expressions.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates with an example: “John has 10 apples. He buys 5 more. How many apples does he have?” (10 + 5 = 15)

Pupils observe and take notes.

Step 3 - Guided Practice

Teacher provides a few word problems for pupils to translate into numerical expressions.

Pupils work in pairs to translate word problems.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes the steps for translating word problems into expressions on the board.

Pupils copy the notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Word Problem: “John has 10 apples. He buys 5 more.”
  • Numerical Expression: 10 + 5 = 15
  • Word Problem: “Sarah has 20 candies. She gives away 7.”
  • Numerical Expression: 20 - 7 = 13

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Translate the word problem: “A farmer has 15 cows. He buys 10 more cows.”
  2. Translate: “Tom has 50 marbles. He gives 20 to his friend.”
  3. Translate: “Mary has 30 pencils. She loses 5.”
  4. Translate: “The class has 25 students. 5 students were absent today.”
  5. Translate: “There are 40 students in the hall. 10 students leave.”

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Translate: “A shop sells 25 shirts. It buys 10 more shirts.”
  2. Translate: “A baker has 60 cakes. He sells 20 cakes.”
  3. Translate: “There are 100 students in a class. 40 students are present today.”
  4. Translate: “John has 35 books. He buys 15 more books.”
  5. Translate: “A car has 40 liters of fuel. It uses 15 liters.”

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Write 3 word problems and translate them into numerical expressions.
  2. Solve the word problems you created in the assignment.
  3. Translate: “There are 45 students in a school. 25 of them are girls.”
  4. Translate: “A train has 200 passengers. 50 passengers get off.”

Write a word problem about money and translate it into a numerical expression.