Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 2

Building services

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TERM – 3RD TERM

WEEK NINE

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Age: 13 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

Topic:   BUILDING SERVICES

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Define Taps
  2. Identify the various Fittings required for taps
  3. State the various Types of Tap
  4. Define plumbing for water supply

 INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:   Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of taps

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher identify the various fittings required and discuss the types of taps.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher explain plumbing for water supply.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

 BUILDING SERVICES

Building services refer to the systems and features within a building that contribute to its functionality, comfort, safety, and efficiency. These services include aspects like electrical, plumbing, heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), fire protection, and other essential systems that ensure a building operates effectively for its intended purpose.

Taps

Taps typically refer to the fixtures used to control the flow of water from pipes, commonly found in sinks, bathrooms, and kitchens. They are devices that allow you to turn water on and off, controlling the water supply to a specific location.

Fittings required for Taps

Various fittings are essential for taps in a water supply system. These include:

  1. Faucets/Taps: The primary fixture that controls the flow of water.
  2. Supply Lines: Pipes that connect the main water supply to the faucet.
  3. Valves: Used to control water flow. There can be shut-off valves under the sink or behind the wall.
  4. Connectors: Couplings and adapters for joining pipes and fittings.
  5. Washers and Seals: Ensures a watertight seal to prevent leaks.
  6. Escutcheons/Flanges: Decorative plates that cover the hole in the wall or countertop where the faucet is installed.
  7. Aerators: Devices that mix air with the water to reduce splashing and conserve water.
  8. Handles and Levers: Mechanisms for turning the faucet on and off.
  9. Spouts: The part of the faucet that delivers water into the sink.
  10. Nuts and Bolts: Fasteners used to secure the faucet to the sink or countertop.

Types of Tap

  1. Cartridge Tap: A type of faucet that uses a replaceable cartridge containing seals and moving parts to control water flow. The cartridge has openings that align with the hot and cold water inlets. By turning the handle, the cartridge moves, adjusting the flow and temperature.
  2. Ball Tap: A faucet with a ball-shaped internal mechanism that controls water flow and temperature. The ball inside the tap has openings that align with the hot and cold-water inlets. Rotating the handle moves the ball, regulating the water flow and blending hot and cold water.
  3. Ceramic Disc Tap: A faucet utilizing ceramic discs to control water flow and temperature. Two ceramic discs with precision-cut openings control water flow. When the handle is turned, the discs move relative to each other, adjusting the water flow and temperature.

Water Supply/Plumbing

Plumbing is the system of pipes, fixtures, and other components installed in buildings for the distribution and disposal of water, as well as the heating and washing of the air. Plumbing systems are crucial for providing clean water for various purposes like drinking, cooking, and sanitation. They also handle the removal of wastewater from buildings.

Plumbers design, install, maintain, and repair these systems. Plumbing systems encompass a range of components such as pipes, valves, faucets, fixtures (sinks, toilets, showers), water heaters, and drainage systems.

In a domestic pipeline fitting, the essential components include:

  1. Pipes: Conduit for conveying water within the plumbing system.
  2. Fittings: Connectors, couplings, and joints that link pipes and direct the flow of water. Examples include elbows, tees, and connectors.
  3. Valves: Devices to control the flow of water. Common types include shut-off valves, gate valves, and ball valves.
  4. Fixtures: Appliances and devices connected to the plumbing system, such as sinks, toilets, showers, and water heaters.
  5. Faucets/Taps: Mechanisms for controlling the release of water from pipes to fixtures.
  6. Traps: Curved pipes designed to prevent sewer gases from entering the living space.
  7. Water Supply Lines: Pipes that transport water from the main supply to various fixtures.

EVALUATION: 1. Define Taps

  1. Mention 5 fittings required for taps
  2. What is plumbing?

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively