Basic Science and Technology - Junior Secondary 2 - Chemicals - Safety measures

Chemicals - Safety measures

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TERM: 3RD TERM

WEEK: 7

CLASS: Junior Secondary School 2

AGE: 13 years

DURATION: 40 minutes each for 2 periods

DATE:

SUBJECT: Basic Science

TOPIC: Chemicals - Safety measures

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to

  1. ) State the uses of chemicals
  2. ) Outline the safety measures in the use of chemicals

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, story-telling, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Recommended Basic Science textbooks for Junior Secondary School 2

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES: PERIOD 1-2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

Review

The teacher revises the previous lesson.

Learners pay attention

STEP 2

Introduction

He states the uses of chemicals

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 3

Explanation

He outlines the safety measures in the use of chemicals

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a short note on the board for the learners to copy

The learners copy the note from the board

 

NOTE

CHEMICALS

Uses of Chemicals

Chemicals are widely used in various fields and industries, contributing to the advancement of technology, medicine, agriculture, and more. Some of the primary uses include:

  • Industrial Manufacturing: Chemicals are used in the production of plastics, textiles, paints, detergents, and fertilizers.
  • Medicine: Chemicals play a crucial role in the formulation of drugs, vaccines, and other medical treatments to cure diseases and improve health.
  • Agriculture: Fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides help increase agricultural productivity and protect crops from pests and diseases.
  • Energy Production: Chemicals are involved in energy production, such as in the creation of batteries, biofuels, and the processing of natural gas and petroleum.
  • Water Treatment: Chemicals are used in purifying water, including disinfectants and flocculants that remove impurities.
  • Food Processing: Food additives, preservatives, flavor enhancers, and colorants are chemicals that ensure food safety, taste, and shelf-life.
  • Environmental Protection: Chemicals are used in waste treatment, recycling processes, and in the development of biodegradable materials to reduce environmental impact.

 

Safety Measures in the Use of Chemicals

When handling chemicals, it is crucial to follow safety measures to prevent accidents, injuries, or environmental damage. Some of the essential safety measures include:

  • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Always wear appropriate PPE such as gloves, safety goggles, lab coats, and masks to protect against harmful exposure.
  • Proper Labeling and Storage: Chemicals should be clearly labeled with their name, hazards, and proper handling instructions. They should be stored in suitable containers, away from incompatible substances, and in well-ventilated areas.
  • Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation in areas where chemicals are used, particularly in confined spaces, to avoid inhalation of harmful fumes.
  • Proper Disposal: Dispose of chemicals according to recommended guidelines. Never pour chemicals down drains or throw them in regular trash unless explicitly stated as safe.
  • Knowledge and Training: All individuals handling chemicals should be trained in their proper use, storage, and disposal methods. Familiarize yourself with Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals in use.
  • Emergency Procedures: Always have a first aid kit, emergency eyewash stations, and fire extinguishers available. Know the emergency procedures for chemical spills or exposure, including the use of safety showers and seeking immediate medical attention if necessary.
  • Avoiding Contamination: Ensure that chemicals are not ingested, inhaled, or come into contact with skin. Always wash hands thoroughly after handling chemicals.

 

EVALUATION:

  1. What are the primary uses of chemicals in various industries, and how do they contribute to technological advancements?
  2. Explain the importance of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling chemicals. What are some common types of PPE used in chemical handling?
  3. Discuss the safety measures that should be followed when storing and labeling chemicals in a laboratory or industrial setting.
  4. Why is proper disposal of chemicals important, and what are the consequences of improper chemical disposal on the environment and human health?
  5. Describe the emergency procedures that should be in place when a chemical spill or exposure occurs in a workplace or laboratory.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively