Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 2

TERM – 3^RD TERM

WEEK SIX

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Age: 13 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

Topic:  HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATICS MACHINES

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

1. Define Hydraulic and pneumatic
2. Identify Types and Uses of Hydraulic and pneumatic machines
3. Discuss the operations of hydraulic and pneumatic machines.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:   Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures,

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION	TEACHER’S ACTIVITY	STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
STEP 1 INTRODUCTION	The teacher explains the meaning of Hydraulic and pneumatic machines	Students pay attention
STEP 2 EXPLANATION	Teacher state and discuss the types and uses of Hydraulic and pneumatic machines	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 3 DEMONSTRATION	Teacher discusses operations of hydraulic and pneumatic machines.	Students pay attention and participate
STEP 4 NOTE TAKING	The teacher writes a summarized note on the board	The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMATICS MACHINES

HYDRAULICS

Hydraulic machines use liquid, typically oil, to transmit power. They include devices like hydraulic pumps and motors, converting mechanical energy into fluid pressure or vice versa. Common applications include heavy machinery, brakes in vehicles, and industrial equipment.

Hydraulic machines serve various purposes in different industries. Here are some common types:

1. Hydraulic Press
2. Hydraulic Cylinder
3. Hydraulic Pump
4. Hydraulic Motor
5. Hydraulic Jack
6. Hydraulic Excavator

Uses of hydraulic machines

Hydraulic machines are used in a wide range of applications due to their ability to transmit power efficiently. Some common uses include:

1. Hydraulic systems power excavators, loaders, bulldozers, and cranes, enhancing their strength and precision.
2. Hydraulic presses shape and form materials in manufacturing processes, such as metal stamping and plastic molding.
3. Hydraulic systems are integral in vehicles for power steering, brakes, and transmission systems.
4. Hydraulic equipment is employed in mining machinery for drilling, extraction, and transportation of materials.
5. Forklifts and conveyor systems utilize hydraulic power for lifting and moving heavy loads.
6. Hydraulic systems are employed in braking systems for trains..

Operations of hydraulic machines

Hydraulic machines perform a variety of operations across different applications. Some common operations include:

1. Lifting
2. Pressing and Forming
3. Moving and Positioning.
4. Bending and Shearing
5. Excavating and Digging
6. Drilling

PNEUMATIC

Pneumatic machines use compressed air or other gases to transmit power and perform mechanical work. They operate on the principles of pneumatics, utilizing the pressure and flow of air to achieve various tasks. Common components in pneumatic systems include compressors, actuators, valves, and air reservoirs.

Types of pneumatic machines

There are various types of pneumatic machines, each designed for specific applications. Some common types include:

1. Pneumatic Cylinder
2. Pneumatic Actuator:
3. Pneumatic Drill
4. Pneumatic Valve
5. Pneumatic Gripper
6. Pneumatic Conveyor

Uses of pneumatic machines

Pneumatic machines find a wide range of uses across different industries due to their efficiency and versatility. Some common applications include:

1. Pneumatic tools, such as drills, grinders, and impact wrenches, are widely used in manufacturing and assembly lines for their speed and reliability.
2. Pneumatic nail guns, jackhammers, and drills are commonly used in construction for their power and portability.
3. Pneumatic systems are employed in air-powered tools, braking systems, and tire inflation in automotive applications.
4. Pneumatic systems are used in conveyors, lifts, and other material handling equipment for moving goods efficiently.
5. Pneumatic actuators, grippers, and control systems are integral components in industrial automation and robotic applications.
6. Pneumatic drills and jackhammers are utilized for excavation and drilling in mining operations.

Operations of pneumatic machines

Pneumatic machines perform various operations by utilizing compressed air or gases to generate mechanical motion. Some common operations carried out by pneumatic machines include:

1. Linear Motion
2. Rotary Motion
3. Fastening and Assembly
4. Drilling and Cutting
5. Pressing and Forming.

EVALUATION: 1. Differentiate between Hydraulic and pneumatic machines.

2. Mention 5 operations of hydraulic and 5 operations of pneumatic machines
3. Identify 5 Hydraulic machines

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively