Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 2

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  4. Postural defects

Week: 4

Term: 3rd Term

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods

Date:

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Topic:-       Postural defects

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Explain the meaning of postural defects
  2. State the types of postural defects
  3. Highlight the causes of postural defects

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson on posture

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She explains the meaning of postural defects

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She further states the types of postural defects

She then highlights the causes of postural defects

 

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

POSTURAL DEFECTS

Postural defects are defects that come as a result of non-alignment of body

Parts i.e when pressure is more on a part of the body

TYPES OF POSTURAL DEFECTS

  1. LORDOSIS: This is when there is an exaggerated curve in the lumber

region and the pelvis is forced to tilt forward. It is also called hollow back

  1. KYPHOSIS: This is a defect of the spine due to deficiency of vitamin D.

The soft part of the spine is weakened by a lack of vitamin D making it to

be excessively curved as a result of squeezed chest muscle. It is also

called hunch back

  1. SCOLIOSIS: It is the lateral curvature of the spine either on the lower or

upper back.

  1. STOOP SHOULDERS: This is increased curve in the neck projecting the

head forward.

  1. FLAT FOOT: This is when the arc of the foot is lost.

 

CAUSES OF POSTURAL DEFECTS

  1. poor vision
  2. poor hearing
  3. poor nutrition
  4. abnormal skeletal frame
  5. use of work tables or writing tables that are too low or too high
  6. habitual carrying of weight on one side
  7. muscular weakness
  8. occupation or bad habit
  9. injury, diseases or infection
  10. defective sense organ
  11. rapid growth
  12. overweight
  13. accident
  14. poor diet
  15. limitation

EVALUATION:    1. Define postural defects

  1. State the types of postural defects
  2. Highlight the causes of postural defects

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively