Grammer - Junior Secondary 2 - Modal auxiliaries

S/N

STEPS

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

LEARNERS ACTIVITY

1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson and introduces the new topic by explaining when to use “must” and “should”

We use “must” + a verb when we want to say that something is very important to do or to express something which is a rule. We use “mustn’t” + a verb for something that is important not to do.

NOTE:

“have to” + a verb has the same meaning as “must” + verb. However, ‘don’t have to” does not mean the same thing as ‘mustn’t’. don’t have to means it is not necessary to do something.

Examples

1.   We must all be patient

2.   You mustn’t talk to your mother like that

3.   I have to get up early in the morning to get ready for school

“should” + a verb is used when we want to say that something is a good idea to do. We use “shouldn’t” + a verb for things which are a good idea not to do.

NOTE

Must/mustn’t are stronger than should/shouldn’t

Examples

1.   You should care about what people think

2.   Children shouldn’t be allowed to play in the street

Learners observe, learn and participate

2

EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION/TEACHER MODELLING

She explains the proper use of “ought to” and “need to”

 “ought to” + a verb is used when we want to say that something is a good idea to do and “ought not” + a verb is used when we want to say something is a good idea not to do

Examples

1.   You really ought to quit smoking

2.   You ought not to leave the toilet unflushed

The verb “need to” is used to express necessity-something which is a good idea to do. We use “need not to” or “not have to” to say that something is not necessary to do.

Examples

1.   You need glasses for reading

2.   You don’t really need a car

3.   You needn’t leave now-You can leave later

4.   I don’t have to make dinner tonight

Learners observe, learn and participate

3

EVALUATION

The Learners are asked to

1.   How can the four modal auxiliary verbs be properly used? Show this in sentences

- Learners observe, learn and participate

4

CLASS-WORK

Learners are asked to answer Exercise I on page 168 of the New Concept English for Junior Secondary School 2.

Learners observe, learn and participate

5

ASSIGNMENT

Learners are asked to answer Exercise II on page168 of the New Concept English for Junior Secondary School 2.

Learners participate

6

CONCLUSION

The teacher marks their books, corrects it and commends the Learners