TERM: 3RD TERM
WEEK: 11
CLASS: Junior Secondary School 2
AGE: 13 years
DURATION: 40 minutes each for 2 periods
DATE:
SUBJECT: Basic Science
TOPIC: Crude oil and petrochemicals II
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to
- ) State the uses of crude oil and petrochemicals
- ) Enumerate the importance of crude oil and petrochemicals
INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, story-telling, videos from source
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Recommended Basic Science textbooks for Junior Secondary School 2
INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES: PERIOD 1-2:
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PRESENTATION
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TEACHER’S ACTIVITY
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PUPIL’S ACTIVITY
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STEP 1
Review
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The teacher revises the previous lesson.
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Learners pay attention
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STEP 2
Introduction
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He states the uses of crude oil and petrochemicals
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Learners pay attention and participate
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STEP 3
Explanation
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He enumerates the importance of crude oil and petrochemicals
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Learners pay attention and participate
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STEP 4
NOTE TAKING
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The teacher writes a short note on the board for the learners to copy
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The learners copy the note from the board
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NOTE
CRUDE OIL AND PETROCHEMICALS
Uses of Crude Oil and Petrochemicals:
- Crude Oil:
- Fuel Production: Crude oil is refined into fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and jet fuel, which are used in transportation, heating, and electricity generation.
- Lubricants: Crude oil is processed to produce oils and greases used in machines and engines.
- Asphalt: It is used in road construction and waterproofing.
- Feedstock for Petrochemical Industry: Crude oil provides the raw materials for petrochemical products such as plastics, fertilizers, and synthetic fibers.
- Petrochemicals:
- Plastics: Petrochemicals such as ethylene and propylene are used to make plastic products, including packaging, containers, and consumer goods.
- Fertilizers: Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium-based fertilizers are derived from petrochemicals to enhance agricultural productivity.
- Synthetic Fibers: Materials such as nylon, polyester, and acrylic are produced from petrochemicals for use in textiles and clothing.
- Pharmaceuticals: Petrochemicals are used to create medicines and medical products, including painkillers, antibiotics, and antiseptics.
- Detergents and Cleaning Agents: Many cleaning products are manufactured using petrochemicals such as surfactants.
Importance of Crude Oil and Petrochemicals:
- Economic Growth: Both crude oil and petrochemicals are central to global economies, with crude oil being a major source of energy, and petrochemicals contributing to industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, and healthcare.
- Energy Supply: Crude oil is a critical energy source, powering vehicles, industries, and homes. It is essential for global transportation and energy sectors.
- Industrial Development: Petrochemicals are the backbone of numerous industries, from automotive to electronics, enhancing production processes and leading to innovation in materials and technology.
- Agricultural Productivity: Fertilizers made from petrochemicals help improve crop yields and support global food production, ensuring food security.
- Consumer Goods and Daily Life: Petrochemicals are present in many everyday items, including clothing, packaging, electronics, and household products, making them indispensable to modern life.
EVALUATION:
- What are the primary uses of crude oil in modern industries?
- How are petrochemicals important in the production of everyday consumer goods?
- Explain the process of refining crude oil and how it results in different products.
- Discuss the role of petrochemicals in the agricultural sector, particularly in the production of fertilizers.
- What are the economic and environmental implications of crude oil extraction and petrochemical production?
CLASSWORK: As in evaluation
CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively
