Home Economics - Junior Secondary 2 - Puberty and adolescence

Puberty and adolescence

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TERM: 2ND TERM

WEEK: 5

CLASS: Junior Secondary School 2

AGE: 13 years

DURATION: 40 minutes each for 2 periods

DATE:

SUBJECT: Home economics

TOPIC: Puberty and adolescence

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to

  1. ) Define good grooming and puberty
  2. ) State the signs of puberty in males and females
  3. ) Define menstruation and menstrual hygiene
  4. ) Explain body odour; its meaning, causes and prevention

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, story-telling, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Recommended Home economics textbooks for Junior Secondary School 2

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES: PERIOD 1-2:

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

Review

The teacher revises the previous lesson

Learners pay attention

STEP 2

Introduction

She defines good grooming and puberty. She states the signs of puberty in males and females

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 3

Explanation

She defines menstruation and menstrual hygiene. She explain body odour; its meaning, causes and prevention

Learners pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a short note on the board for the learners to copy

The learners copy the note from the board

 

NOTE

PUBERTY AND ADOLESCENCE

Good Grooming: Good grooming refers to maintaining a neat, clean, and presentable appearance through personal hygiene and self-care practices. It includes habits like regular bathing, brushing teeth, wearing clean clothes, and keeping nails and hair well-maintained.

 

Puberty: Puberty is the period of physical, emotional, and hormonal changes during which a child’s body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It typically begins between ages 8-14 for females and 9-16 for males and is marked by the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

 

Signs of Puberty in Males and Females:

  • In Males:
    • Growth of facial and body hair (beard, armpits, chest)
    • Deepening of the voice
    • Enlargement of the testes and penis
    • Growth spurt in height and muscle development
    • Development of acne due to increased oil production in the skin
    • Increase in libido and sexual interest
  • In Females:
    • Development of breasts
    • Growth of body hair (armpits, pubic area)
    • Onset of menstruation (menarche)
    • Widening of hips and body shape changes
    • Growth spurt in height
    • Development of acne due to hormonal changes

 

Menstruation and Menstrual Hygiene:

  • Menstruation: Menstruation is the monthly shedding of the uterine lining through vaginal bleeding in females. It is part of the menstrual cycle, typically lasting 3-7 days, and occurs if no pregnancy has taken place.
  • Menstrual Hygiene: Menstrual hygiene refers to the practices that ensure cleanliness and comfort during menstruation. It includes using sanitary products such as pads or tampons, changing them regularly, washing the genital area, and maintaining overall hygiene to prevent infections and discomfort.

 

Body Odor: Its Meaning, Causes, and Prevention

Body odor is an unpleasant smell produced by the body, usually originating from sweat that interacts with bacteria on the skin. It commonly occurs in areas like the armpits, feet, and groin.

  • Causes:
    • Sweat and Bacteria: Sweat itself is odorless, but when it comes into contact with bacteria on the skin, it produces an odor.
    • Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes, especially during puberty, increase sweat gland activity, which can lead to stronger body odor.
    • Diet: Certain foods, such as garlic, onions, and spicy foods, can contribute to stronger body odor.
    • Poor Hygiene: Infrequent bathing or wearing unclean clothes can worsen body odor.
  • Prevention:
    • Regular Bathing: Daily showers help to remove bacteria and sweat from the skin.
    • Using Antiperspirants or Deodorants: These help to reduce sweat and mask or prevent body odor.
    • Wearing Clean Clothes: Fresh, breathable clothes reduce the buildup of bacteria.
    • Healthy Diet: Avoiding certain odor-causing foods and drinking plenty of water can help control body odor.
    • Shaving: Removing underarm hair reduces areas where bacteria can accumulate.

 

EVALUATION:

  1. Explain the concept of good grooming and why it is important for personal and social well-being.
  2. List and describe at least three physical changes that occur in males and females during puberty.
  3. Define menstruation and explain the importance of practicing proper menstrual hygiene.
  4. What is body odor, and what are the main causes of it? How does hygiene help in its prevention?
  5. Describe two ways in which diet can influence body odor and suggest practices to minimize odor through dietary choices. 

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher marks their books and commends them positively