Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary 2

Quadrilaterals

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TERM – 2ND TERM

WEEK TWO

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Age: 13 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods each

Date:

Subject: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

Topic: QUADRILATERALS 

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Define quadrilateral
  2. Identify and Construct Regular and Irreguar Quadrilaterals
  3. Identify and sketch the types of quadrilateral

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers,

demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:   Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures, mathematical sets, drawing instruments.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S

ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher explains the meaning of quadrilateral

Students pay

attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

Teacher mention and discuss the types of quadrilateral.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

Teacher construct some regular and irregular quadrilaterals

Teacher discuss the properties of quadrilaterals.

Students pay

attention and

participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized

note on the board

The students

copy the note in

their books

 

NOTE

QUADRILATERALS

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides, four vertices, and four angles. Examples include squares, rectangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids.

 It is formed by joining four non-collinear points. The sum of interior angles of quadrilaterals is always equal to 360 degrees.

Types of quadrilateral

There are various types of quadrilaterals, including:

1. Square: Square is a regular quadrilateral, which has all the four sides of equal length and all four angles are also equal. The angles of the square are at right-angle or equal to 90-degrees.

2. Rectangle: A rectangle is a type of quadrilateral that has its parallel sides equal to each other and all the four vertices are equal to 90 degrees. Hence, it is also called an equiangular quadrilateral.

3. Parallelogram: A parallelogram is a simple quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides. The opposite or facing sides of a parallelogram are of equal length and the opposite angles of a parallelogram are of equal measure.

4. Rhombus: A rhombus is a special case of a parallelogram. In a rhombus, opposite sides are parallel and the opposite angles are equal.

 

5. Trapezoid: A quadrilateral that has at least one pair of parallel sides. The parallel sides are called the bases of the trapezoid.

6. Kite: A kite is a quadrilateral with reflection symmetry across a diagonal. Because of this symmetry, a kite has two equal angles and two pairs of adjacent equal-length sides

7. Isosceles Trapezoid: Adjacent sides are equal, and one pair of opposite angles are equal.

 

How to Construct Regular Quadrilaterals

Procedure

  1. Draw Δ PQR.
  2. With P as the centre, draw an arc.
  3. With R as the centre, draw an arc.
  4. S is the point of intersection of the two arcs. Also, mark S and complete PQRS.

PQRS is the required quadrilateral.

 

Properties of quadrilateral

Quadrilaterals exhibit various properties, including:

  1. The sum of the interior angles of any quadrilateral is always 360 degrees.
  2. Opposite angles in a quadrilateral are equal.
  3. Consecutive (adjacent) angles add up to 180 degrees.
  4. A quadrilateral has two diagonals connecting opposite vertices. The diagonals may or may not be equal, depending on the type of quadrilateral.

EVALUATION: 1. What is quadrilateral?

  1. Identify the types of quadrilateral
  2. Differentiate between regular and irregular quadrilaterals
  3. Identify the properties of quadrilateral.

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively