Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 2

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  4. Animal feed and feeding

Week: 1

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Term: 2nd Term

Age: 13 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods

Date:

Subject: Agriculture

Topic:-       Animal feed and feeding

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. State the meaning of feed
  2. List types of feed
  3. Mention feeding tools

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson on post-harvesting operations

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

The teacher explains the meaning of feed

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She then discusses the types of animal feed. She also mentions some feeding tools

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

FEED

Feed is the food consumed by livestock to nourish their body.

TYPES OF FEED

  1. Energy-yielding or basal feed: these are feeds made to supply energy to animals. They consist of easily digestible carbohydrates with low protein content. Energy feeds include cereals like maize, rice, millet, guinea corn etc
  2. Protein-yielding or supplement feeds: they are feeds given to supply deficient nutrients in the diet of the animal. They are rich in protein and may also contain reasonable amounts of vitamins and minerals. Protein feeds include blood meal, fish meal, milk by-products, palm kernel cake, groundnut cake etc
  3. Concentrates: these are feeds and feed mixtures that are artificially mixed to provide all the primary dietary needs of protein, carbohydrates, fats and some minerals. Concentrates include groundnut cake, cotton seed meal, palm kernel cake, coconut meal etc.
  4. Roughages/Forages: these are plant materials rich in fibres and provides the bulk fodders used in grazing animals. Animals fed on roughages need supplements such as;
  5. succulent feed: these are young rich forages rich in water and are easily digestible e.g young giant star grass, elephant grass
  6. straw: it is made up of dried plant materials and crop residues fed to animals as a maintenance ration
  7. Hay: these are grasses, crop remains, leaves and legumes cut at a vegetative stage dried and bailed for feeding farm animals
  8. Silage: these are plant materials partly fermented in air tight receptacles and used in feeding farm animals
  9. Forage: these are grasses and legumes fed to animals e.g pueroria, stylosanthes etc
  10. Fodder crops: these are crops grown for the purpose of feeding farm animals e.g corn, groundnut etc

 

FEEDING TOOLS

  1. Feed troughs: the feeds are usually put in the feeding trough. They are not properly filled to avoid wastage. They can be constructed with either wood or iron. Iron feeds easily rust especially if they are not well stored.
  2. Drinking troughs: they are used to put water for the poultry to drink. Plastics or irons maybe used in constructing drinking troughs.

 

EVALUATION:    1. Define the term “Feed”

  1. Discuss the types of feed
  2. Mention the types of feeding tools

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively