Mathematics - Junior Secondary 2 - Algebraic expressions (continued)

Algebraic expressions (continued)

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Comprehensive Lesson Plan and Notes
  3. Junior Secondary 2
  4. Algebraic expressions (continued)

TERM: 1st TERM

WEEK 9

Class: Junior Secondary School 2
Age: 13 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Algebraic Expressions Continued
Focus: Definition of Algebraic Fractions, Algebraic Fractions with Whole Number Denominator (Addition and Subtraction), Quantitative Reasoning

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Define and identify algebraic fractions.
  2. Simplify algebraic fractions with whole number denominators.
  3. Perform addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions.
  4. Solve problems involving algebraic fractions.
  5. Apply quantitative reasoning to algebraic expressions.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES:

  • Question and answer
    • Guided demonstration
    • Discussion
    • Drills and exercises
    • Problem-solving sessions

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:

  • Whiteboard and marker
    • Flashcards with algebraic fractions examples
    • Worksheets with problems on algebraic fractions
    • Quantitative reasoning charts (optional)

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Definition of Algebraic Fractions

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Explains the concept of algebraic fractions and compares them to regular fractions.

Pupils listen, ask questions, and engage in a class discussion.

Step 2 - Explanation

Defines algebraic fractions and gives examples. Writes examples like: (3x/5), (2y/7), (a+b)/c.

Pupils repeat and practice examples.

Step 3 - Demonstration

Demonstrates how to simplify algebraic fractions, such as canceling out common factors.

Pupils observe and solve similar examples with guidance.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes definition and examples on the board. Pupils copy the definition and examples.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • An algebraic fraction is a fraction where the numerator and/or denominator is an algebraic expression, such as 3x/5
  • To simplify, factor out common factors and cancel them out if possible.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Simplify: 2x/4
  2. Simplify: 3y/9
  3. Simplify: a+b/2
  4. Simplify: 5x/10
  5. Simplify: 4m+8²

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Simplify: 6x/12
  2. Simplify: 2a+b

                           4

  1. Simplify: 3x+6

                           3

  1. Simplify: 4y/8
  2. Simplify: a+2

                          2

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Simplify: 5x/10
  2. Simplify: 7a+14

                           7

  1. Simplify: 3m+6

                           6

  1. Write an algebraic fraction and simplify it.
  2. Simplify: 6y/12

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Algebraic Fractions with Whole Number Denominator (Addition and Subtraction)

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Explains how to add and subtract algebraic fractions with whole number denominators.

Pupils listen, ask questions, and discuss.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates addition and subtraction with examples like

x + y

4+y 4 or

a  -  b

5     5

Pupils repeat and practice examples.

Step 3 - Demonstration

Shows how to find a common denominator for different fractions, if needed.

Pupils follow examples and solve similar problems.

Step 4 - Practice

Pupils solve problems on the board with guidance.

Pupils solve problems individually or in pairs.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • To add or subtract algebraic fractions, ensure they have the same denominator.
  • If the denominators are different, find the LCM (Lowest Common Multiple) and then adjust the numerators.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Add: x +   y

                  5     5

  1. Subtract: 3a -  2b

                         6       6

  1. Add: 2x +4x

                  3     3

  1. Subtract: 5a − 2a

                          7     7

  1. Add: 6y + 2y

                  8       8

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Add: 2x + 3x

                  5       5

  1. Subtract: 4a − 2a

                         9       9

  1. Add: 7b + 3b

                 10     10

  1. Subtract: 9x − 3x

                        12     12

  1. Add: 5y + y

                  6      6

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Add: x + y

                 6     6

  1. Subtract: 3a − a

                        4      4

  1. Add: 2b + 4b

                  7       7

  1. Subtract: 6x − 2x

                         9      9

  1. Add: 4y + 3y

                   5      5

 

PERIOD 5: Quantitative Reasoning

PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces quantitative reasoning and its relevance in algebraic fractions.

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Explanation

Demonstrates quantitative reasoning problems involving algebraic fractions.

Pupils observe and follow examples.

Step 3 - Problem Solving

Provides real-world problems that require algebraic fractions for solutions (e.g., dividing money, sharing items).

Pupils solve and discuss the solutions.

Step 4 - Practice

Pupils solve more quantitative reasoning problems on their own.

Pupils solve problems and write the solutions.

EVALUATION (5 questions):

  1. If 2x + 3 = 5, find the value of x.
  2. A bag contains 10x apples and is shared among 5 people. How many apples does each person get?
  3. Simplify the expression: 4y +2y

                                               8     8

  1. Solve: 3a+6=123a + 6 = 12.
  2. If a class has 3a/4 students absent, find the number of absent students if a class has 32 students.

CLASSWORK (5 tasks):

  1. Solve: 2x−5=72x - 5 = 7.
  2. Simplify: 3y +2y

                        5      5

  1. If a box contains 24x balls, how many boxes are needed for 96 balls?
  2. Solve: 4a+10=204a + 10 = 20.
  3. If 6x people contribute $12, how much does each person contribute?

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Solve: 5x+3=185x + 3 = 18.
  2. Simplify: 8y + 4y

                       12     12

  1. If 3 boxes contain 3a/4 items each, how many items are in 3 boxes?
  2. Solve: 3b−4=8

If 2x+4=10. find x.