Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 2

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Week: 9

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Term: 1st Term

Age: 13 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods

Date:

Subject: Agriculture

Topic:-       Cultural Practices

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. Describe the post-planting operations
  2. State the effects of timely harvesting and late harvesting

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson on planting operations

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

The teacher explains the meaning of post-planting operations

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She then discusses each of the post-planting operations. She further states the effects of timely harvesting and late harvesting

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

POST-PLANTING OPERATIONS

These are activities that take place after the planting of seeds or transforming of seedlings.

They include

  1. Thinning: it is the removal of extra seedlings from a stand, to give room for others to grow. Thinning is best done after the rains when the soil is moistened
  2. Supplying: This is the re-planting of seeds that failed to germinate or thrive. Supplying should take place within the first week of germination to maintain uniform growth and harvesting
  3. Mulching: this is the covering of the soil surface with grass, crop residues, straw, sawdust or ground corn cobs in order to reduce loss of soil water by evaporation.
  4. Manuring/Fertilizer application: this is the application of organic manures or inorganic fertilizers to improve crop growth quality and yield
  5. Weeding: this is the removal of unwanted plants on the farm
  6. Watering: Moisture is needed for the germination of seeds as a result most seeds are planted during the rainy season when the soil is moist.
  7. Staking: this is the act of supporting twinning and creeping crops to climb the stake. This is done to raise their stems and leaves from the ground to receive sunlight for photosynthesis.
  8. Earthening up: it involves using a draw hoe or drag fork to draw up soil around plants. This prevents the greening of tubers and blight infection.
  9. Pesticide spraying: A pesticide is a chemical substance used for the control of agricultural pests. Pests are plants and animals that trouble crops.
  10. Pruning: This is the careful cutting of the crowns of shrubs and tree crops at their outer edges to form defined shapes
  11. Harvesting: This is the farm activity that involves the removal and gathering of mature crops for processing, home consumption, Storage or sales.

 

EFFECTS OF TIMELY AND LATE HARVESTING

Timely harvesting

  1. it protects crops from pest infestation in the farm
  2. prevents deterioration
  3. makes for proper storage
  4. attracts good market values or prices

 

Late harvesting

  1. pest infestation
  2. reduces storage quality
  3. leads to spoilage
  4. exposes crops to thieves and predators
  5. can be affected by weather conditions
  6. can attract poor market prices

 

EVALUATION:    1. Define the term “Post-Planting operations”

  1. Discuss all the post-planting operations
  2. What are the effects of
  3. timely harvesting
  4. late harvesting

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively