Mathematics - Junior Secondary 2 - Algebraic expressions

Algebraic expressions

Get it on Google Play
Get it on the Apple App Store
  1. Home
  2. Comprehensive Lesson Plan and Notes
  3. Junior Secondary 2
  4. Algebraic expressions

TERM: 1st TERM

WEEK 7
Class: Junior Secondary School 2
Age: 13 years
Duration: 40 minutes of 5 periods
Subject: Mathematics
Topic: Algebraic Expressions
Focus: Introduction to Algebraic Expressions

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Define algebraic expressions.
  2. Identify components of algebraic expressions.
  3. Write and evaluate simple algebraic expressions.
  4. Simplify and calculate basic algebraic expressions.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: • Question and answer
• Guided demonstration
• Group work
• Exercises
• Real-life application

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
• Flashcards
• Whiteboard and markers
• Worksheets
• Algebraic expression charts

 

PERIOD 1 & 2: Introduction to Algebraic Expressions
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Explains what algebraic expressions are.

Pupils listen, ask questions, and share thoughts on examples.

Step 2 - Explanation

Defines terms: coefficient, variable, constant. Gives examples like 3x + 5.

Pupils repeat examples and ask questions.

Step 3 - Demonstration

Demonstrates how to write simple algebraic expressions.

Pupils practice by writing expressions like 4a + 2.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes key points on the board.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Algebraic expression: A combination of numbers, variables, and operators.
  • Example: 2x + 3
  • Coefficient: 2 (the number multiplying the variable x)
  • Variable: x
  • Constant: 3

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Identify the coefficient, variable, and constant in 5x + 6.
  2. Write an algebraic expression for the sum of a number x and 7.
  3. Simplify 3a + 2a.
  4. Write an algebraic expression for the difference of 12 and y.
  5. Simplify 4b + 5b.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Write an expression for 3 more than a number x.
  2. Simplify 7x + 2x.
  3. What is the coefficient in the expression 9y + 4?
  4. Write an algebraic expression for the product of a number p and 5.
  5. Evaluate the expression 2z + 3 when z = 4.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Write 5 algebraic expressions from daily life.
  2. Simplify 5y + 3y.
  3. Solve 6a + 4 when a = 2.
  4. Write an expression for the difference between a number q and 6.
  5. Evaluate 3b + 5 when b = 3.

 

PERIOD 3 & 4: Expressions of Algebraic Expressions
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 – Introduction

Reviews previous lesson. Introduces the concept of terms and like terms.

Pupils review concepts and ask questions.

Step 2 – Explanation

Explains terms: like terms, unlike terms, how to group like terms.

Pupils observe and participate in discussion.

Step 3 – Demonstration

Shows how to combine like terms, e.g., 3x + 2x = 5x.

Pupils solve similar problems with guidance.

Step 4 - Note Taking

Teacher writes examples on the board.

Pupils take notes.

NOTE ON BOARD:

  • Like terms: Terms with the same variable and exponent. Example: 2x, 4x.
  • Unlike terms: Terms with different variables or exponents. Example: 3x and 4y.
  • Combining like terms: Add or subtract the coefficients. Example: 3x + 2x = 5x.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Simplify 3x + 4x.
  2. Combine 5y - 2y.
  3. Simplify 7a + 2b.
  4. Combine like terms in 4m + 3m + 2n.
  5. Simplify 6x - 2x + 5x.

CLASSWORK (5 questions):

  1. Combine like terms: 5x + 3x.
  2. Simplify: 2a + 3b + 4a.
  3. Combine 3m - 5m.
  4. Simplify: 2y + 3x.
  5. Write an expression and combine like terms: 4t + 2t + 3p.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Combine the like terms in: 3a + 5a + 2b.
  2. Write and simplify an expression for the sum of x and y, and then subtract 2.
  3. Combine like terms in: 6x + 2x - 3x.
  4. Simplify: 4y + 7y - 2y.
  5. Create your own algebraic expression and simplify it.

 

PERIOD 5: Real-life Application of Algebraic Expressions
PRESENTATION:

Step

Teacher’s Activity

Pupil’s Activity

Step 1 - Introduction

Introduces how algebraic expressions are used in real life (e.g., calculating costs, measuring distances).

Pupils listen and ask questions.

Step 2 - Examples

Provides real-life examples, like calculating total cost, distance, etc., using algebraic expressions.

Pupils discuss and identify expressions in examples.

Step 3 - Drill

Pupils solve real-life algebraic expression problems.

Pupils work in pairs/groups to solve problems.

EVALUATION (5 exercises):

  1. Write an expression to calculate the total cost of 3 books at $5 each.
  2. If x represents the number of days, write an expression for the total number of hours worked in x days.
  3. Write an expression for the distance traveled if speed is 60 km/h and time is t hours.
  4. Simplify the expression 2x + 3x when x = 4.
  5. If 2 apples cost $3, write an expression for the cost of y apples.

CLASSWORK (5 tasks):

  1. Write an expression for the total cost of 5 shirts at $12 each.
  2. If t represents time in hours, write an expression for the distance covered at 50 km/h.
  3. Calculate the total cost of 3 bags, each costing $10.
  4. Write an expression for the total money saved if you save $5 each day for n days.
  5. Simplify the expression 4x + 3 when x = 5.

ASSIGNMENT (5 tasks):

  1. Write an expression for the total cost of 6 books at $7 each.
  2. Solve for x in the expression 3x + 2 = 11.
  3. Calculate the distance covered by a car at 70 km/h for 5 hours.
  4. Write and simplify an expression for the total money earned by working n hours at $8/hour.

Use an algebraic expression to find the total price of 3 items costing $10 each and $5 each.