Lesson Notes By Weeks and Term - Junior Secondary School 2

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Week: 6

Term: 1st Term

Class: Junior Secondary School 2

Age: 12 years

Duration: 40 minutes of 2 periods

Date:

Subject: Physical and Health Education

Topic:-       Accidents and Injuries

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to

  1. State and explain some common sports and home injuries
  2. List the signs and symptoms of the sports and home injuries
  3. Highlight the first aid treatments for the injuries

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNIQUES: Identification, explanation, questions and answers, demonstration, videos from source

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Videos, loud speaker, textbook, pictures

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

PERIOD 1-2

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY

STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

STEP 1

INTRODUCTION

The teacher revises the previous lesson on accidents

Students pay attention

STEP 2

EXPLANATION

She explains some common sports and home injuries, listing their signs and symptoms

Students pay attention and participates

STEP 3

DEMONSTRATION

She further highlights the first aid treatments for the injuries

Students pay attention and participate

STEP 4

NOTE TAKING

The teacher writes a summarized note on the board

The students copy the note in their books

 

NOTE

COMMON SPORTS AND HOME INJURIES
1. Sprain: A sprain is a stretching or tearing of ligaments — the tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect two bones together in your joints. The most common location for a sprain is in your ankle.

CAUSES

  1. turning or twisting the ankle on an uneven surface
  2. stepping on another individual’s foot

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

  1. pains at the joint
  2. loss of power
  3. swelling
  4. discoloration of the affected part

FIRST AID TREATMENT

  1. rest the affected part
  2. use cold compress to massage the area.
  3. pad the joint and bandage it firmly
  4. do not massage with ointments
  5. give any type of analgesics
  6. Casualty should be transported to the hospital

 

  1. Strain: a strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon

CAUSES

  1. poor lifting of object
  2. lack of proper warm up before strenuous physical activities

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

  1. causes a little swelling
  2. pains
  3. loss of power
  4. tenderness to touch
  5. bruising

FIRST AID TREATMENT

  1. rest the affected part
  2. apply cold compress to stop internal bleeding
  3. apply liniment and massage thoroughly
  4. apply heat to the affected muscles
  5. casualty should be transported to the hospital

 

  1. Muscle cramp: A muscle cramp is a sudden, unexpected tightening of one or more muscles. Sometimes called a charley horse, a muscle cramp can be very painful.

CAUSES

  1. too much exposure to heat
  2. jerky and uncoordinated muscular movement
  3. serious dietary deficiency of calcium, sodium and vitamin B1

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

  1. violent pain and inability to use the affected part
  2. swelling of the affected muscle in prolonged cases

FIRST AID TREATMENT

  1. Hold the affected part firmly and rub it hard to disperse the swelling
  2. for persistent muscle cramps, send the casualty to the doctor

 

  1. Dislocation: This is the displacement of one or more bone ends at a joint.

CAUSES

  1. heavy falls
  2. extreme violence
  3. serious hit at a joint
  4. poor steeping out of a vehicle

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
a. severe pain at the joint

  1. loss of power in the limb
  2. swelling of the affected area
  3. abnormal movement of the affected part
  4. deformity of the affected part

FIRST AID TREATMENT

  1. avoid replacing the bone
  2. support the affected part
  3. apply cold compress
  4. do not move the affected part
  5. loose the clothing around the injured part
  6. send the casualty to the hospital

 

  1. BRUISE: A bruise, also called a contusion happens when a part of the body is injured and blood from the damaged capillaries (small blood vessels) leaks out. With no place to go, the blood gets trapped under the skin, forming a red or purplish mark that's tender when you touch it — a bruise.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

  1. swelling or bulging out of the affected part

FIRST AID TREATMENT

  1. apply cold compress
  2. massage thoroughly
  3. elevate the bruised part

 

EVALUATION:    1. Explain the following, stating their causes, signs/symptoms and first aid treatment

  1. sprain
  2. strain
  3. dislocation
  4. Muscle cramp
  5. Bruise

CLASSWORK: As in evaluation

CONCLUSION: The teacher commends the students positively